
Se ha estudiado la evolución que experimenta la microestructura y las propiedades mecánicas (dureza) de un acero inoxidable austenítico AISI 304 de calidad comercial, cuando se somete a tratamientos térmicos tras una deformación en frío, por laminación, del 50%. En tratamientos isócronos, de una hora de duración, la recristalización del acero y su ablandamiento comienza a los 650 °C, completándose alrededor de los 825 °C. Entre 650 y 900 °C, se produce un crecimiento de grano recristalizado cuyo tamaño no alcanza el del grano original hasta los 925 °C, aproximadamente. A mayores temperaturas, hasta 1.200 °C, tiene lugar un manifiesto crecimiento del grano austenítico con un ligero descenso en los valores de dureza. El comportamiento del acero laminado y tratado se ha comparado con el de muestras calentadas, en las mismas condiciones, pero sin deformación previa en frío.
The evolution of the microstructure and hardness of commercial AISI 304 stainless-steel samples with the heat treatment has been studied. Steel specimens in the as-received condition, and after 50% cold rolling, were soaked for 1 hour at various temperatures between 650 and 1200 °C. Samples, maintain their grain size and hardness until about 900 °C; thereafter, size increases with temperature, while hardness lightly-diminishes. Recrystallization of cold-rolled specimens begins at 650 °C, and finishes around 850 °C. Recrystallized grain-size reaches the value found in the as received material after the treatment at 900 °C. For high her annealing temperatures both grain growth and hardness decrease following the same trent in cold-worked and non-deformed materials.
Endurecimiento por deformación, Austenitic stainless steel, Crecimiento de grano, austenítico, Recrystallization, Recristalización, Acero inoxidable, Strain hardening, Grain growth
Endurecimiento por deformación, Austenitic stainless steel, Crecimiento de grano, austenítico, Recrystallization, Recristalización, Acero inoxidable, Strain hardening, Grain growth
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