Understanding quotations in context is an unresolved problem in information science. The complexity of this object of study requires a transdisciplinary dialogue between bibliometricians, linguists, sociologists and computer scientists. This project aims to draw up a typology of citation contexts in order to better explain citation acts and to establish the functional bases of their uses. This transdisciplinary dialogue will lead to the proposal of a conceptual model of citation acts as well as to the elaboration of a prototype for identification, extraction and classification. Today, the stakes around citation contexts are crucial by mobilizing significant resources, as the stakes are so high: extraction of semantic information, improvement of recommendation systems, access to increasingly dense information, automatic expert identification, research evaluation. These resources and tools also lead to a rethinking of traditional bibliometric indicators by proposing new measures. Therefore, methodological reflection must be carried out in concert with technological advances. This project will allow to highlight the French ISTEX project, and to have a national resource of citation context in order to valorize these resources. The final objective of this work can be summed up in three points: at the conceptual level, by making a major contribution to the development of a citation theory; at the application level, by proposing a dataset for exploratory purposes of citation contexts as well as a technological demonstrator; at the ethical level, by preventing the misuse of indicators built on semantic relations.