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Informe de evaluación. Proyecto de Mayor CREA. 2021-2023

Authors: Fernández-Mayoralas, Gloria; Molina Martínez, María Angeles;

Informe de evaluación. Proyecto de Mayor CREA. 2021-2023

Abstract

[ES] El documento describe la evaluación biopsicosocial del Proyecto Educativo De Maior Crea, realizada en el marco del Programa de Actividades de I+D “Envejecimiento Activo, Calidad de Vida y Género. Promoviendo una imagen positiva y diversa de la vejez y el envejecimiento frente al edadismo” (ENCAGEn-CM, financiado por la Comunidad de Madrid y el Fondo Social Europeo, ref. H2019/HUM-5698). De Maior Crea es una iniciativa educativa de SocialDocs dirigida a personas con 50 y más años, que se puso en funcionamiento en 2018 en La Coruña (España), y que busca explorar la creatividad y fomentar la realización de contenido. Se basa en el desarrollo de talleres de aprendizaje de los lenguajes cinematográficos, teatrales y musicales, con actividades grupales e inmersivas, en las que las personas mayores son las protagonistas y conducen su propia formación en los roles como productores, actores, editores, compositores, intérpretes, camarógrafos o escritores. Se ha desarrollado una investigación cuasi-experimental, con metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa, comparando a los participantes de los talleres de De Maior Crea con las personas que asisten a cursos ofrecidos por los Centros Cívicos, en el marco de actuación de la OMS para el Envejecimiento Activo. Las áreas examinadas comprenden: aspectos sociodemográficos, bienestar hedónico (satisfacción), bienestar eudaimónico (desarrollo personal), salud, edadismo, red social y familiar, uso del tiempo y cuidados, y participación social. Entre las conclusiones y recomendaciones más relevantes cabe destacar las siguientes: 1) Se comprueba la heterogeneidad del grupo de personas mayores y la necesidad, por tanto, de ofrecer canales diversos para la participación y el aprendizaje. 2) El grupo de participantes en De Maior Crea (DMC) tiene mayor nivel educativo y menor edad que el grupo de participantes en Centro Cívico (CC). Ambas ofertas atraen sobre todo a mujeres, pero en DMC existe un cierto balance de género. 3) Las personas mayores en DMC y en CC muestran las mismas motivaciones para la participación: el deseo de mantenerse activas y emplear el tiempo en actividades que les gustan, así como relacionarse con otros. 4) Tanto en DMC como en CC se ha observado un bajo apoyo social percibido, pero participar en DMC genera un claro sentido de pertenencia al grupo, que ayuda a mejorar esa percepción. La participación en CC ayuda a rebajar el sentimiento de soledad. 5) Entre los beneficios observados de DMC se encuentran una actitud positiva hacia la vida, una perspectiva activa y vitalista, voluntad e implicación, capacidad de compromiso, mejora de la autoestima y autoconcepto positivo. 6) En términos de salud, participar en DMC parece ser un factor protector para sobrellevar el curso de la enfermedad. 7) La participación en talleres de DMC ayuda a reducir el estereotipo al mostrar modelos incongruentes con la imagen social de las personas mayores, lo que favorece también la eliminación del edadismo autopercibido. 8) Las ofertas de formación y aprendizaje han de ir acompañadas de una oferta de apoyo (y respiro) a las personas cuidadoras que les permita su participación. 9) Aunque DMC es en sí una iniciativa intergeneracional al estar dirigida a personas con 50 y más años, es preciso seguir promoviendo espacios de encuentro y convivencia, ampliando la oferta a personas de menor y mayor edad, y a otros perfiles sociodemográficos.

[EN] The document describes the biopsychosocial assessment of the De Maior Crea Educational Project, from the framework of the R&D Activities Program “Active Ageing, Quality of Life and Gender. Promoting a positive and diverse image of old age and ageing for combating ageism” (ENCAGEn-CM, funded by the Community of Madrid and the European Social Fund, ref. H2019/HUM-5698). De Maior Crea is an educational initiative by SocialDocs aimed at people aged 50 and over, which was launched in 2018 in La Coruña (Spain), and which seeks to explore creativity and encourage the creation of content. It is based on the development of workshops for learning cinematographic, theatrical and musical languages, with group and immersive activities, in which older people are the protagonists and conduct their own training in roles as producers, actors, editors, composers, interpreters, camera operators or writers. A quasi-experimental research, with a double methodology, quantitative and qualitative, was used, comparing participants in De Maior Crea workshops with persons enrolled in courses offered by Civic Centers, from the WHO policy framework for an Active Ageing. The areas examined include sociodemographic aspects, hedonic well-being (satisfaction), eudaimonic well-being (personal development), health, ageism, social and family network, time use and time for caring others, and social participation. Among the most relevant conclusions and recommendations, the following can be highlighted: 1) The heterogeneity of the group of older people is confirmed and, therefore, the need to develop diverse channels for participation and learning. 2) Participants in De Maior Crea (DMC) have a higher educational level and are younger than the group of participants in Centro Cívico (CC). Both offerings primarily attract women, but at DMC there is a certain gender balance. 3) Older people in DMC and CC show the same motivations for participation: the desire to stay active and spend time on activities they like, as well as interact with others. 4) Low perceived social support has been observed in both DMC and CC, but participating in DMC generates a clear sense of belonging to the group, which helps to improve this perception. Participation in CC decreases the feeling of loneliness. 5) Among the observed benefits of DMC are a positive attitude towards life, an active and vitality perspective, will and involvement, capacity for commitment, improved self-esteem and positive self-concept. 6) In terms of health, participating in DMC seems to be a protective factor in coping with the course of the disease. 7) Participation in DMC workshops reduces the stereotype by showing models that are incongruent with the social image of older people, which also favors the elimination of self-perceived ageism. 8) Training and learning activities should be accompanied by support (and respite) to caregivers that allows them to participate. 9) Although DMC is, in itself, an intergenerational initiative as it is aimed at people aged 50 and over, it is necessary to continue promoting places for meeting and coexistence, expanding it to younger and older people, as well as to other sociodemographic profiles.

Programa de Actividades de I+D “Envejecimiento Activo, Calidad de Vida y Género. Promoviendo una imagen positiva y diversa de la vejez y el envejecimiento frente al edadismo” (ENCAGEn-CM - https://encage-cm.csic.es/). Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica; Consejería de Ciencia, Universidades e Innovación; Comunidad de Madrid; y Fondo Social Europeo (Ref. H2019/HUM-5698). Los promotores de este trabajo son De Mayor Crea (https://demaiorcrea.es/) y SocialDocs (https://socialdocs.es/es/inicio-2/).

Equipo de investigación: Cristina Gadea Autric Tamayo (CSIC); Virginia Fernández-Fernández (UNED); Gloria Fernández-Mayoralas (CSIC); Inés García (Universidad Francisco de Vitoria); Beatriz Martínez Madrigal (CSIC); Mª Ángeles Molina Martínez (UNED); Teresa Paniagua (Universidad Europea de Madrid); María Sánchez Román (CSIC). Equipo de redacción: Gloria Fernández-Mayoralas (CSIC); Mª Ángeles Molina Martínez (UNED); María Sánchez Román (CSIC); Cristina Gadea Autric Tamayo (CSIC)

Este informe está sujeto a una licencia CC BY NC SA 4.0

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Spain
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Keywords

Transferencia social del conocimiento, Wellbeing, Participación social, Social transfer of knowledge, Biopsychosocial assessment, Proyecto educativo para personas mayores, Social participation, Envejecimiento activo, Educational project for older people, Active ageing, Stereotypes, Estereotipos, Bienestar, Evaluación biopsicosocial

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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