To unlock multi-vendor HVDC grids and foster the transition of the European energy sector at large scale, InterOPERA proposes a coordinated approach between a diverse, high-level group of industries at the forefront of RES development and grid management. 4 HVDC vendors, 8 TSOs, 2 wind turbine vendors and 3 wind park developers bring their industrial knowledge and practical abilities to make future HVDC systems mutually compatible and interoperable by design, and to improve the grid forming capabilities of offshore and onshore converters. Foreseen and planned HVDC projects will be analysed to define a demonstrator case study. The resulting system-level design will be usable as a guidance to coordinate offshore network planning. This new way of framing the European grid architecture and topology will ensure forward compatibility for future seamless system expansion. Interoperability of control and protection systems will be de-risked through the execution of all necessary activities concurring to the implementation of a real-time physical demonstrator. Concrete results will be delivered through this practical work: detailed functional specifications for each subsystem, standardised models, simulation platforms and interaction study processes, multi-vendor cooperation agreements. Those frameworks will be generalised into operational and strategic tools available to all European stakeholders for the development of multi-terminal HVDC grids that will enhance offshore wind development and integration. Solutions for multi-vendor project procurement, compliant with existing and future regulations, standards and laws, integrating the technical specifications and interoperability assessment tender stages, will be provided to pave the way to the first real-life projects in Europe. External stakeholders will be involved in two-way consultation workshops to maximise the uptake of InterOPERA’s key exploitable results. Recommendations to grid codes and standards will be issued.

We are at the beginning of a new industrial revolution (Industry 4.0): disruptive technologies such as cyber-physical systems, machine-to-machine communication, Big Data and machine learning, and human-robot collaboration will transform the manufacturing and industrial automation sectors. However, Industry 4.0 will only become a reality through the convergence of Operational and Information Technologies (OT & IT). The European Parliament, says that “a very wide range of skills is required for [Industry 4.0] implementation. […] the convergence of IT, manufacturing, automation technology and software requires the development of a fundamentally new approach to training IT experts.” The FORA interdisciplinary, international, intersectoral network will train the next generation of researchers to lead this convergence and cross the IT-OT gap. The convergence will be achieved through the new concept of Fog Computing, which is a logical extension from Cloud Computing towards the edge of the network (where machines are located), enabling applications that demand guarantees in safety, security, and real-time behavior. Research objectives focus on: a reference system architecture for Fog Computing; resource management mechanisms and middleware for deploying mixed-criticality applications in the Fog; safety and security assurance; service-oriented application modeling and real-time machine learning. Our ambitious objectives require individuals with a unique combination of interdisciplinary and intersectoral skills. Thus, FORA’s 15 ESRs will receive integrated training across key areas (computer science, electrical engineering, control engineering, industrial automation, applied mathematics and data science) necessary to fully realize the potential of Fog Computing for Industry 4.0 and will move between academic and industrial environments to promote interdisciplinary and intersectoral learning.

Machine learning have revolutionized the way we use computers and is a key technology in the analysis of large data sets. The FUDIPO project will integrate machine learning functions on a wide scale into several critical process industries, showcasing radical improvements in energy and resource efficiency and increasing the competitiveness of European industry. The project will develop three larger site-wide system demonstrators as well as two small-scale technology demonstrators. For this aim, FUDIPO brings together five end-user industries within the pulp and paper, refinery and power production sectors, one automation industry (LE), two research institutes and one university. A direct output is a set of tools for diagnostics, data reconciliation, and decision support, production planning and process optimization including model-based control. The approach is to construct physical process models, which then are continuously adapted using “good data” while “bad data” is used for fault diagnostics. After learning, classification of data can be automated. Further, statistical models are built from measurements with several new types of sensors combined with standard process sensors. Operators and process engineers are interacting with the system to both learn and to improve the system performance. There are three new sensors included (TOM, FOM and RF) and new functionality of one (NIR). The platform will have an open platform as the base functionality, as well as more advanced functions as add-ons. The base platform can be linked to major automation platforms and data bases. The model library also is used to evaluate impact of process modifications. By using well proven simulation models with new components and connect to the process optimization system developed we can get a good picture of the actual operations of the modified plant, and hereby get concurrent engineering – process design together with development of process automation.

The ReaLCoE consortium is happy to submit a well-prepared proposal, founded on a highly experienced and tight-knit group in discussion since early 2017. ReaLCoE aims to accelerate a new generation of competitive and subsidy free clean energy from offshore wind energy converters (WEC) with a high performance 12+MW demonstration turbine. Our WEC technology platform developments are designed to be competitive and scalable, consolidating scientific knowledge and operational experience for a swift evolution towards 14-16 MW rated capacities. Today, only less than 30% of the cost for electricity from large offshore wind energy converters incur from the turbine itself. ReaLCoE will work to optimise innovation across the whole value chain; from initial turbine design to equipment handling in the port, to testing, financing installation and the final customer to substantially reduce the Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCoE) of offshore wind. The consortium is led by a pioneer in the sector, Senvion, who has brought together some of Europe’s most experienced and talented actors in both on- and offshore wind energy to demonstrate a 12+MW WEC. After a period of strong market consolidation, Senvion and its partners aim to jointly enter a competitive market of offshore wind energy in the 12+MW turbine class. We are confident that ReaLCoE will have a global impact on offshore wind energy market, reinforcing Europe’s technological leadership and bringing growth and job opportunities to the industrial base. Not only in the wind energy sector through the manufacturing, installation and operation of 12+MW WEC in a competitive environment; but also through the provision of cheap, clean energy across an integrated system of renewables. This paves the way for a turbine generation with rated capacities of 14-16MW and triggers hundreds of millions in investment into the European clean tech sector.

In order to unlock the full potential of Europe’s offshore resources, network infrastructure is urgently required, linking off-shore wind parks and on-shore grids in different countries. HVDC technology is envisaged but the deployment of meshed HVDC offshore grids is currently hindered by the high cost of converter technology, lack of experience with protection systems and fault clearance components and immature international regulations and financial instruments. PROMOTioN will overcome these barriers by development and demonstration of three key technologies, a regulatory and financial framework and an offshore grid deployment plan for 2020 and beyond. A first key technology is presented by Diode Rectifier offshore converter. This concept is ground breaking as it challenges the need for complex, bulky and expensive converters, reducing significantly investment and maintenance cost and increasing availability. A fully rated compact diode rectifier converter will be connected to an existing wind farm. The second key technology is an HVDC grid protection system which will be developed and demonstrated utilising multi-vendor methods within the full scale Multi-Terminal Test Environment. The multi-vendor approach will allow DC grid protection to become a “plug-and-play” solution. The third technology pathway will first time demonstrate performance of existing HVDC circuit breaker prototypes to provide confidence and demonstrate technology readiness of this crucial network component. The additional pathway will develop the international regulatory and financial framework, essential for funding, deployment and operation of meshed offshore HVDC grids. With 35 partners PROMOTioN is ambitious in its scope and advances crucial HVDC grid technologies from medium to high TRL. Consortium includes all major HVDC and wind turbine manufacturers, TSO’s linked to the North Sea, offshore wind developers, leading academia and consulting companies.