The threat of CBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives) components used by terrorists is major concerns for EU and worldwide security. Today there is a major security gap in the existing security flow that can be used by terrorists to hide and smuggle CBRNE materials inside containers and vehicles. The challenge of improving container and vehicles border crossing and critical infrastructure entrance security checks is of great importance in fighting terrorist threats, theft and smuggling. Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) could be detonated using nuclear weapon components, modified nuclear weapons, or a self-made device and Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) could be designed to disperse radioactive materials through an explosion (or ‘dirty bomb’).It was also reported that since 1998, in the US alone, there have been more than 1,300 reported incidents of lost, stolen, or abandoned devices containing sealed radioactive sources, an average of about 250 per year. Chemical and Biological are in use by terrorists. Report of Wm. Robert Johnston summarizes the “historical attacks using chemical or biological weapons” with 23 attacks since 1994, while all the recent attacks were done mainly by terrorists and the Syrian militants. The attacks demonstrating the attempts and capability of terrorists to acquire chemical and biological materials (chlorine, mustard, sarin, etc) and to prepare chemical or biological bombs. COSMIC system plans to bridge the major security gap for fast inspection of large number of containers and vehicles in sea port and in crossing borders for CBRNE materials. COSMIC’s technology can be adapted also to air containers. COSMIC proposes a novel technological approach for the detection of CBRNE materials hidden in shipping containers. COSMIC project includes the research, design and implementation of a three stage (primary, secondary, focused manual inspection) detection system using new set of innovative sensors

Insider threats are perhaps the most serious challenges that nuclear security systems face. All of the cases of theft of nuclear materials where the circumstances of the theft are known were perpetrated either by insiders or with the help of insiders; given that the other cases involve bulk material stolen covertly without anyone being aware the material was missing, there is every reason to believe that they were perpetrated by insiders as well. The need is to detect shielded and unshielded Special Nuclear Materials ("SNM") and radioactive materials is necessary. Radiation Monitors are effective to detect unshielded or partially shielded nuclear and radioactive materials in lightly loaded vehicles or cargos, and less effective at dense or high attenuating vehicles. In addition, the radiation monitors are not effective to detect shielding (e.g. lead) inside the vehicles that are capable to transport large masses of shielding material. Specifically, one of the biggest gaps is that some SNMs emit very low level of radiation. The X-ray cannot clear every dense object found in the image. Active interrogation can be used to clear the alarms; however, they produce high radiation that requires shielded facility, and require passengers not to remain in the vehicle during the inspection. Therefore, there is a need for inspection systems that can penetrate high attenuating vehicles, be specific to nuclear and shielding materials and that can be steal from the sites. . Lingacom is developing an innovative Muon Detection System for detecting high-Z materials used in nuclear bombs and shielded radioactive materials (used in “dirty bombs”) in containerized cargo and vehicles. The company has built a highly skilled and experienced team that has developed and demonstrated successfully key detection capabilities of high-Z materials including building a cost-effective muon detection proof of concept (PoC) prototype.