DIAGONAL will bring SbD knowledge and tools to a development stage which can be implemented in the MCNMs and HARNs related industries, relying on experimental (in-vitro) and modelling (in-silico) research, to study specific hazard and exposure properties that MCNMs & HARNs exhibit along their life cycle, with emphasis in the interactions between NM constituents, with other particles and the environment, as well as their release rate and fate. While hazard and exposure determination will allow gaining understanding on the MCNMs & HARNs behaviour and evolution, multi-scale modelling will answer the questions "what are they?" and "where do they go?", through novel predictors for properties estimation, resulting from additive and/or synergistic interactions between components, as well as system-dependent properties. Ultimately, the obtained results will serve as basis to provide adapted or novel risk management guidelines, ready to use SbD tools and strategies to increase nanomaterials safety, including Sustainable-by-Design considerations, and recommendations for risk governance. DIAGONAL partners are involved in current R&D projects (NMBP-12-2017, NMBP-13-2018, NMBP-14-2018, NMBP-15-2019), networks (e.g. NanoSafety Cluster and EMMC) and working groups (e.g. OECD - WPMN and BNCT). The project will establish cooperation lines with the US nanosafety research community involving a US partner and integrating renowned US institutions on its advisory board, guaranteeing resource-efficient working plans, aligned with current EU and international efforts in the nanosafety field, and facilitating the use of existing reference platforms and databases. 7 industrial cases producing or using MCNMs/HARNs will participate providing data from scaled up scenarios, validating models, and implementing the novel SbD approaches and tools developed in the project. Exploitation activities and connection with Open Innovation Test Beds will allow mainstreaming SbD among targeted industries

The underlying innovation idea of ICARUS-SW is a software for the identification and prediction of new nanocrystalline alloys with tailored properties. The software can be used as a predictive tool for the exploration, identification and design of new thermodynamically stable multi-component nc metal alloys with enhanced thermal, mechanical and irradiation damage self-healing properties. It allows the systematic exploration of the parameters space defined by chemical composition, microstructure, thermodynamic state functions and properties in search of new families of nc alloys. In preparation of this software, the exploitation, IPR and dissemination strategies will be defined and implemented in this project, based on in-depth market analysis, business planning and other exploitation-related activities.

ICARUS proposes a new thermodynamic methodology able to identify the elements and the relative chemical composition allowing a nanocrystalline state to occupy a relative minimum of the Gibbs free energy, which makes the nanostructure reasonably stable against coarsening. This approach will be integrated, in synergy with multiscale and thermodynamic (Nano-Calphad) modeling, in order to implement a High-Throughput Screening (HTS) tool that will open a new horizon of discovery and exploration of multinary thermal stable nanocrystalline alloys, exhibiting superb tailored properties. ICARUS brings a radically new concept by addressing a still unsolved problem in the stabilization of nanocrystalline alloys. The materials discovery approach of ICARUS will be synergistic with the forefront industrial production technologies of nanomaterials and alloys. Results arising from ICARUS exploration will be materialized in specific demo compounds representative of carefully selected new alloys families that will change the present paradigm of EU aerospace industry. The most promising nanocrystallyne material identified will be synthesized by mechanical alloying and physical vapor deposition, and the obtained samples characterized toward the applicability in the aerospace sector. A proof of concept from its approach will be given and tested by experts and specialized industries working in the aerospace sector in close contact with NASA and ESA. In particular, ICARUS will demonstrate its potential by producing innovative coarsening-resistant nanocrystalline alloys with enhanced radiation tolerance (based on refractory metals), and light-weight high strength (based on Al, Mg, Ti) alloys.

Aviation is one of the most critical infrastructures of the 21st century. Even comparably short interruptions can cause economic damage summing up to the Billion-Euro range. As evident from the past, aviation shows certain vulnerability with regard to natural hazards. The proposal EUNADICS-AV addresses airborne hazards (environmental emergency scenarios), including volcano eruptions, nuclear accidents and emergencies and other scenarios where aerosols and certain trace gases are injected into the atmosphere. Such events are considered rare, but may have an extremely high impact, as demonstrated during the European Volcanic Ash Crisis in 2010. Before the 1990s, insufficient monitoring as well as limited data analysis capabilities made it difficult to react to and to prepare for certain rare, high-impact events. Meanwhile, there are many data available during crisis situations, and the data analysis technology has improved significantly. However, there is still a significant gap in the Europe-wide availability of real time hazard measurement and monitoring information for airborne hazards describing “what, where, how much” in 3 dimensions, combined with a near-real-time European data analysis and assimilation system. The main objective of EUNADICS-AV is to close this gap in data and information availability, enabling all stakeholders in the aviation system to obtain fast, coherent and consistent information. This would allow a seamless response on a European scale, including ATM, ATC, airline flight dispatching and individual flight planning. In the SESAR 2020 Programme Execution Framework, EUNADICS-AV is a SESAR Enabling project (project delivering SESAR Technological Solutions). The project aims at passing a SESAR maturity level V2, which includes respective service validation activities, including validation exercises. Work will be also done to prepare a full V3 validation.