
During recent years, in the wake of increasingly stringent environmental legislation, attention has also been focused on the development of catalytic oxidations for the manufacture of fine chemicals. The traditional methods of many fine chemical oxidations involve stoichiometric quantities of toxic inorganic reagents such as permanganate and dichromate salts. These reactions generates large amount of inorganic salts-containing effluent along with the target products. Thus, currently, there is a considerable pressure to replace these antiquated technologies with cleaner, catalytic alternatives. A clean synthetic technology that should proceed with a high atom economy must be accomplished with a low Environmental Factor (E-Factor). The ideal system for “green” oxidation is the use of water or molecular oxygen as the oxygen atom source. Moreover, as a consequence of the inevitable end of fossil energy resources associated with a high increase in energy consumption, attempts to develop sustainable energies have emerged all over the word. As a consequence, tremendous efforts were made to take advantage of the exceptional photophysical properties of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes with the final objective to convert solar energy into chemical energy. In our research program aiming to develop new polypyridyl ruthenium-based catalysts for oxidation, we designed a combination of a photosensitizer and a catalytic fragment within the same complex to achieve catalytic light-driven oxidation of sulfides using water as the unique oxygen atom source. However, as most of the photocatalytic systems reported in the literature for oxidation or reduction reactions, a sacrificial reagent is used to either deliver or accept electrons resulting of the reaction. This “electron waste” is also accompanied by the generation of by-products issued of the sacrificial chemical. In order to prevent this drawback, it is envisaged to associate to the oxidative photocatalyst a second system able to add value to the liberated electrons. In particular, bioinspired by monooxygenases, copper and iron complexes would be potentially good candidates to use the released electrons from the ruthenium-based photocatalyst to perform oxidation using molecular dioxygen as oxygen atom source. In this project, it is thus proposed to design a ruthenium and copper (or iron)-based trinuclear complex constituted by the assembly of two catalysts and a photosensitizer initiating the electron transfer from one catalyst to the other. This photocatalyst will be able to perform two different and selective oxidation reactions using both O2 and H2O as oxygen atom sources. The originality of the proposed project relies mainly on five points: i)Water and molecular dioxygen as abundant and non-toxic molecules, will be used as the unique oxygen atom sources, ii)Two selective oxidation reactions will be performed simultaneously in the same pot, iii) Three metal centers will be covalently associated for an optimized “communication” between them, the photosensitizer playing the role of an electron relay between the two catalytic centers, iv) The electrons liberated during the oxidation catalyzed by the first catalytic moiety will be used to activate the second catalytic fragment toward O2, v)Solar (light) energy will be converted into chemical energy.