PARTHENOS aims at strengthening the cohesion of research in the broad sector of Linguistic Studies, Humanities, Cultural Heritage, History, Archaeology and related fields through a thematic cluster of European Research Infrastructures, integrating initiatives, e-infrastructures and other world-class infrastructures, and building bridges between different, although tightly, interrelated fields. PARTHENOS will achieve this objective through the definition and support of common standards, the coordination of joint activities, the harmonization of policy definition and implementation, and the development of pooled services and of shared solutions to the same problems. PARTHENOS will address and provide common solutions to the definition and implementation of joint policies and solutions for the humanities and linguistic data lifecycle, taking into account the specific needs of the sector that require dedicated design, including provisions for cross-discipline data use and re-use, the implementation of common AAA (authentication, authorization, access) and data curation policies, including long-term preservation; quality criteria and data approval/certification; IPR management, also addressing sensitive data and privacy issues; foresight studies about innovative methods for the humanities; standardization and interoperability; common tools for data-oriented services such as resource discovery, search services, quality assessment of metadata, annotation of sources; communication activities; and joint training activities. Built around the two ERICs of the sector, DARIAH and CLARIN, and involving all the relevant Integrating Activities projects, PARTHENOS will deliver guidelines, standards, methods, services and tools to be used by its partners and by all the research community. It will exploit commonalities and synergies to optimize the use of resources in related domains.

The European Digital Single Market, one of the main goals of Europe 2020, is still fragmented due to language barriers. European society is multilingual, the diversity of its cultural heritage is an opportunity, but hampers transborder eCommerce, social communication and exchange of (cultural) content. Languages without sufficient technological support will become marginalised. These barriers must be overcome by language technology (LT) like Machine Translation (MT) solutions, a need recognized by the future Connecting Europe Facility (CEF). To support these endeavours to reach an online EU internal market free of language barriers, it is necessary to join, benchmark the quality and facilitate the access to language resources. With this in mind LT Observatory's aims are: - Create a language resource repository stemming from national public sector parallel corpora (taking into account existing ones); check these resources with regard to their quality and benchmark them for most possible reliability and, interoperability including legal and standardization issues. - Identify national and regional funding sources, including Regional and Structural Funds - Continue with a LT News Observatory, started in the LT COMPASS project. - Foster cooperation across stakeholders through targeted dialogue events. - Create a roadmap for future needs to improve the quality of MT and for a high coverage of languages within the Digital Single Market. Based on achievements of former initiatives (e.g. FLaReNet, META), the LT Observatory will be implemented by a team with all the expertise needed: ZABALA (EU project management and with Europe-wide outreach), EMF (ICT Association with experience in outreach/social media, and funding, e.g. ESIF and combined funding), LT Innovate (the Forum of European LT vendors), CLARIN ERIC (LT resources and infrastructure, including a Virtual Language Observatory), and University of Vienna/InfoTerm, international information centre for terminology.

Research infrastructures (RIs) operate in complex innovation ecosystems where industry plays an increasingly important role. Pan-EU initiatives, such as the Innovation Union or the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures, revolutionise the way public and private sectors work together, and help to create structural frameworks which are needed to foster such collaborations. While initiatives of this type play a crucial role in enabling industry to become a full partner of research infrastructures whether it is as a user, a supplier, or a co-creator, they do not fully utilise or engage Industrial Liaison and Contact Officers (ILOs/ICOs) which could have a central role in boosting the RI-industry partnerships. To address this gap, ENRIITC will build a permanent pan-European network of ILOs and ICOs. This will be done in a community-driven, cross-functional, cross-sectoral, multiplier-based way which will be inclusive and enable all interested parties to actively participate. By supporting the establishment of strategic, cross-border partnerships between industry and research infrastructures, ENRIITC will enable win-win results for all parties. With a timeline of 36 months, 11 partners from seven countries, and a strong support from 61 Associates from around Europe, ENRIITC will 1) establish a sustainable European network of ILOs and ICOs which enables mutual learning, 2) map collaboration potential between research infrastructures and industry, 3) develop and refine strategies and best practices to foster these collaborations, 4) raise awareness among industry for collaboration opportunities at research infrastructures, and demonstrate impact. The consortium and Associates will jointly balance the need for expertise from diverse scientific areas, combine it with practical insights from establishing relations with various industries operating in different sectors and geographical contexts, and propagate it among their networks.

Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) research is divided across a wide array of disciplines and languages. While this specialization makes it possible to investigate the extensive variety of SSH topics, it also leads to a fragmentation that prevents SSH research from reaching its full potential. Use and reuse of SSH research is low, interdisciplinary collaboration possibilities are often missed, and as a result, the societal impact is limited. TRIPLE, the European discovery solution, addresses these issues: it enables researchers to discover and reuse SSH data, but also other researchers and projects across disciplinary and language boundaries. It provides all necessary means to build interdisciplinary projects and to develop large-scale scientific missions. It will thus increase the economic and societal impacts of SSH resources. Thanks to a consortium of 19 partners, TRIPLE develops a full multilingual and multicultural solution for the appropriation of SSH resources. The TRIPLE platform provides a 360° discovery experience thanks to linked exploration provided by the Isidore search engine developed by CNRS and a coherent solution providing innovative tools to support research (visualisation, annotation, trust building system, crowdfunding, social network and recommender system). TRIPLE imagines new ways to conduct, connect and discover research; it will promote cultural diversity inside Europe; it will support scientific, industrial and societal applications of SSH science; it will connect researchers and projects with other stakeholders: citizens, policy makers, companies, enabling them to take part in research projects or to answer to some of their issues. TRIPLE will be a dedicated service of OPERAS RI and become a strong service in the EOSC marketplace. To conclude, TRIPLE will help SSH research in Europe to gain visibility, to be more efficient and effective, to improve its reuse within SSH and beyond and to dramatically increase its societal impact.

FAIRCORE4EOSC focuses on the development and realisation of EOSC-Core components supporting a FAIR EOSC, addressing gaps identified in the SRIA. Leveraging existing technologies and services, the project will develop nine new EOSC-Core components aimed to improve the discoverability and interoperability of an increased amount of research outputs. FAIRCORE4EOSC will also contribute to the EOSC Interoperability Framework by establishing new guidelines on the new EOSC-Core components. The new components will be crucial to support the FAIR research life cycle. Five user-centric case studies (climate change, social sciences and humanities, mathematics, national research information systems, research data management communities) will drive the development and testing of the new components ensuring they are tailored to the user needs (co-design). All the selected case studies share similar challenges that are common to many other stakeholder groups: research communities at European and national level have datasets that currently cannot be found in the EOSC; they use Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) but they are lacking PIDs for different levels of aggregation; they use community specific services to manage metadata that make cross-discipline reuse and interoperability complex. The user stories and best practices drawn by the case studies will be used to foster uptake of the new components beyond the project partners. The 22 complementary partners of the FAIRCORE4EOSC consortium have long-lasting experience in the provision and development of research data services, persistent identifiers, metadata and semantic registries, services and tools to archive and reference research software. The partners have also significantly contributed to the EOSC SRIA and are active members of the EOSC Association Task Forces (TFs) providing the project a unique insight and capacity to boost the development of the Web of FAIR Data and Related Services.