Marine and transitional ecosystems provide fundamental climate regulation, food provisioning and cultural services. FutureMARES provides socially and economically viable nature-based solutions (NBS) and Nature-inclusive Harvesting (NIH) for climate change (CC) adaptation and mitigation to safeguard these ecosystems’ natural capital, biodiversity and services. The program advances understanding of the links between species and community traits, ecological functions and ecosystem services as impacted by CC by analysing the best available data from monitoring programs and conducting targeted experiments and beyond state-of-the-art modelling. Ensemble physical-biogeochemical projections will identify CC hotspots and refugia. Shifts in the distribution and productivity of keystone, structural and endangered species and the consequences for biodiversity will be projected within different CC-NBS/NIH scenarios to reveal potential ecological benefits, feedbacks and trade-offs. Novel, social-ecological vulnerability assessments will rank the severity of CC impacts on various ecosystem services and dependent human communities. Complementary analyses at real-world demonstration sites will inform managers and policy-makers on the economic costs and tradeoffs of NBS/NIH. These physical, ecological, social and economic analyses will be integrated to develop two climate-ready NBS and one NIH: i) restoration of habitat-forming species acting as ‘climate rescuers’ buffering coastal habitats from negative CC effects, improving seawater quality, and sequestering carbon, ii) conservation actions explicitly considering the range of impacts of CC and other hazards on habitat suitability for biota to preserve the integrity of food webs (e.g. marine protected areas) and protect endangered species (e.g. charismatic megafauna), and iii) Nature-inclusive Harvesting (NIH) (capture and culture) of seafood. FutureMARES is co-developed with policy-makers and managers to ensure impactful and transformative cost-effective actions.

Increasing evidence suggests that there are several social determinants of educational outcomes and half of all mental health conditions are established before the age of fourteen. Identifiers of these social events present as poor school attendance, disruptive and aggressive behaviour and poor transition to secondary school and are frequently seen in children and young people at risk of exclusion. This may also result in unfocused, disruptive, controlling, withdrawn, and destructive behaviour within a school setting. In addition there are iatrogenic factors affecting school attainment, where a lack of training and collaboration may prevent a deeper understanding of the problem. Stressful events occur in the lives of children aged 0-18 years old involving neglect or abuse. Indeed, neglect can be physical, emotional or sexual and neglect can be physical or emotional. Household dysfunction is an important social determinant and can be caused by mental illness, a relative in prison, domestic violence, divorce and substance abuse (alcohol and drug) in the family, often unrecognised for a significant length of time. Other factors affecting childhood academic achievement are poverty and children’s caring responsibilities as well as parental separation. Adverse child experience (ACE) provides links between adversity, learning and behaviour and supports the concept that schools can have a significant role in providing an inclusive environment for such children experiencing stressful events occurring between the ages of 0-18 years old. New learning paradigms for professionals to explore new ways to combine expertise, delivering IPL programmes where child safety and quality of care can be improved. Collaborative activities with IPL should be considered as important in childcare training, ACEs can be identified and strategies put in place to address these. Building teams in this interprofessional way requires an understanding of team dynamics and leadership values. Five elements have been identified to support this; participation, training in group skills, networking, information sharing and lastly critical reflection. Aims • Improve the social context so that children are better able to learn in school. • Improve the communication and collaboration between professionals involved in safeguarding for school age children. • Promote improved trust relationships, particularly in the classroom and potentially reversing the effects of toxic stress in a child’s life • Training programmes to promote the understanding of the science of toxic stress • Strategies to address this are proposed. • Explore interprofessional strategies to improve learning environment for children experiencing toxic stress with implications for practice. • Innovate interprofessional collaboration experiences Objectives • Familiarizing the employees with the job descriptions of employees in other agencies/organizations • Discussing what inter-professional collaboration means to each individual employee and to different professions. • The training will discuss what the perquisites of inter-professional collaboration are and how it could be promoted. • Disseminate experience and outcomes using press, blogs, local TV and radio stations • Sharing information gathered government officials, educational authorities, professional training establishments • Enabling professionals to meet trauma with understanding not discipline Action Intervention • International participation, transnational learning, teaching and training o Training in group skills o Transnational learning o Networking o Information sharing o Critical reflection • Equipping professionals with toolkit to address ACE • Action research (develop questionnaires and open-ended questions to guide the key interviews, prompting reflection and conversation. • Evaluation of impact • Development of electronic learning using analogues and cases studies Intellectual outputs • Pilot course for interprofessional learning in collaboration • Handbook of strategies and procedures • Teaching resources • Electronic learning in decision making using virtual case studies • Presentations on results • Webinars on interprofessional learning and collaboration • In-service training

This is a unique project which simultaneously both developed and communicated the impact of youth work across 5 European countries (United Kingdom(England - lead partner), France, Italy, Finland, Estonia). It wa the first project of its type to do this. It utilised a recently devised method for this process known as - Transformative Evaluation (TE) - which in the UK context has been shown to both significantly develop youth worker's ability to demonstrate impact, re-engage youth workers in the evaluation process and develop high quality youth work. It focuses on 'story generation' and starts with the voice of young people. This is enhanced through a process of peer and stake holder discussions to establish definitely the impact of youth work in that context. The context for this project is the Europe-wide call for youth work to better establish its outcomes and impact (EC, Strategy for Youth, 2009; EC, 2014, Working with Young People; EC, 2015, Quality Youth Work). The outcomes of the project ( national partner country reports, E-book will be used to address this directly.The aims of this project are:1.To establish a European network to identify, develop and communicate the impact of youth work across 5 European countries. The objectives of the project are:2. To embed the innovative, highly effective, robust and sustainable method of evaluating youth work - Transformative Evaluation (TE) - developed in one national context (UK) in youth work organizations across 5 European partner countries. 3. Demonstrate new knowledge and evidence across Europe of the impact of youth work to inform local regional, national and European Policy.These aims will be met by the following objectives:(i) Training youth workers in the Transformative Evaluation (TE) method and then implementing 3 cycles of the process in 3 youth work organizations, in each of the 5 partner countries, over a one year period.(ii) Youth workers from these organizations supported by the coordinators will train other youth workers across their organization, and in other youth work organizations and settings, thereby developing a new 'community of practice'.(iii) Create a sustainable on-line training resource in TE to enable youth workers across Europe settings to be better able to evaluate their practice, and identify the impact of their work.(iv) identifying, comparing and contrasting the impact of youth work on young people and upon their wider communities across the 15 youth work settings in 5 European contexts.(v) Identifying what works, the processes which brought about these outcomes and how they were achieved. (vi) Communicate and disseminate this new knowledge via reports, policy briefings and an open access e-book.(vii) Produce recommendations for policy makers / funders.(viii) Disseminate outputs through an International Conference.The project will have 5 phases1) Training in TE2) Embedding TE in youth work organizations3) Identification of the Impact of Youth Work 4) Establishment of a new 'Community of Practice' & Production of a web based multi lingual resource 5) Dissemination through Reports, E-book and international conference The project was lead by Dr Jon Ord (University of St Mark & St John) Associate Professor in youth work and there are 4 other universities, of HUMAK, Toulouse, Bari, Tallin coordinating the work in their native countries. There also 15 partner youth work organisations, 3 from each of the 5 countries. Many of these are from deprived regions such as Cornwall, in the UK and Puglia in Italy. The project expanded as youth workers share and train other youth workers through peer to peer training to significantly extend the reach of the project, beginning to create a 'Community of Practice'.The primary results the production of significant high quality research and outputs which demonstrate the impact of youth work across Europe. The project has a sustainable paradigm as it is designed to grow and develop after it has been completed through the production of the Multi lingual Web based resource, the open access E-book The project involved Southern, Western and Northern Europe as well as a Baltic state. Each coordinating partner, in each country is a leading organisation in their national and international context. The project has key figures involved in it, including the ex-director of the Directorate of Youth & Sport at the European Commission, from Finland. Each partner brought together a different context and a diverse range of youth work experience and expertise and the outcomes and outputs of the project were fascinating, as this was the first project of its type to compare and contrast youth work approaches and collate both the most significant changes for young people through their engagement in open access youth work, and the youth work processes which brought them about.

Due to the need for climate change action, UK Government has committed to the ambitious task of achieving 'net zero' greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. However, some emissions from farming, aviation and other activities are very difficult to eliminate. So to reach net zero the UK must also directly remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere amounting to the equivalent of 100 million tonnes of carbon dioxide/year. Of the Greenhouse Gas Removal (GGR) options available, increasing the carbon stored in the UK's 'treescapes' (forests, hedgerows etc.) has the greatest potential, the lowest cost, and can be started immediately. Planting woodlands can store carbon in standing trees, in forest soils and in timber products. For these reasons, the UK is committed to a huge increase in forest cover. However, our understanding of all these processes and how they vary across locations and over time is incomplete. This major programme will gather evidence, address knowledge gaps and allow decision makers to understand the GGR consequences of different planting options. Woodlands can also deliver many other benefits, creating habitats to conserve wild species, enhancing water quality, regulating rainfall and reducing flood risk, and providing recreation (hence the "GGR+" title). GGR+ will examine all the diverse aspects of forestry to identify "The Right Tree in the Right Place". However, it is equally possible to plant the wrong tree in the wrong place. This can result in damage to biodiversity, and even cause some soils to release huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Also, if certain types of agriculture are displaced, there could be higher imports of food from countries that destroy rainforests to increase farm yields. On top of this, climate change means that many risks (forest fires, extreme weather, disease) are changing faster than ever. "The Right Tree in the Right Place" is not a simple proposition - if we are not careful, and don't consider the complexities properly, the UK's net zero tree planting strategy will be poorly designed, and at worst could result in forests that actually increase climate change. However, even understanding the consequences of planting in different locations is not enough to plan the future of the UK's forests. Land is typically privately owned and Government cannot dictate its use. Rather they need to create the conditions and incentives needed for owners to decide to plant trees. Consequently, GGR+ will also undertake the economic research needed to turn science advice into practice. This challenge cannot be addressed by scientists alone, and the GGR+ partners include UK land use policy makers, including all of the Forestry authorities, the Defra teams responsible for forestry, climate and agriculture (who will use GGR+ to plant 30,000ha/year), as well as the Ministry of Defence (which has huge land holdings). From the private and NGO sectors our partners include massive land owners such as Network Rail and the National Trust (who together will fund over 74,000ha of planting based on GGR+ advice), as well as a network of over 1,400 farmers, the timber and building sector and many other stakeholders. Together with our partners, GGR+ will design innovative "decision support tools"; bespoke software allowing users to examine the effects of a tree planting investment or policy in terms of greenhouse gas storage, food production, incomes of those involved, effects on biodiversity, water quality, flooding, recreation etc. Perhaps most revolutionary, this tool will allow users to specify what outcomes they want and then see what planting, policy or investments they need to get those outcomes. This is an exciting, highly interdisciplinary approach to answering the surprisingly challenging question of finding "The Right Tree in the Right Place" and setting the UK on the path to delivering net zero emissions by 2050.

The increasing demand for low and zero carbon buildings in the UK has provided significant challenges for the energy intensive materials we currently rely on. At present somewhere between 20% and as much as 60% of the carbon footprint of new buildings is attributable to the materials used in construction; this is predicted to rise to over 95% by 2020. If the UK is to meet agreed 80% carbon reduction targets by 2050 it is clear that significant reductions in the embodied carbon of construction materials is required. What also seems clear is that current materials and systems are not capable of delivering these savings. The drive for an 80% reduction in carbon emissions, a decreasing reliance on non-renewal resources and for greater resource efficiency, requires step changes in attitude and approach as well as materials. Improvement in construction systems, capable of providing consistently enhanced levels of performance at a reasonable cost is required. Modern developments in construction materials include: eco-cements and concretes (low carbon binders); various bio-based materials including engineered timber, hemp-lime and insulation products; straw based products; high strength bio-composites; unfired clay products utilising organic stabilisers; environmentally responsive cladding materials; self healing materials; smart materials and proactive monitoring; hygrothermal and phase change materials; coatings for infection control; ultra thin thermally efficient coatings (using nano fillers); ultra high performance concretes; greater use of wastes; and, fibre reinforcement of soils. However, very few of these innovations make the break through to widespread mainstream use and even fewer offer the necessary step change in carbon reductions required A low carbon approach also requires novel solutions to address: whole life costing; end of life (disassembly and reuse); greater use of prefabrication; better life predictions and longer design life; lower waste; improved quality; planned renewal; and greater automation in the construction process. As well as performance, risk from uncertainty and potentially higher costs other important barriers to innovation include: lack of information/demo projects; changing site practices and opposition from commercial competitors offering potentially cheaper solutions.. A recent EPSRC Review has recognised the need for greater innovation in novel materials and novel uses of materials in the built environment. The vision for our network, LIMES.NET, is to create an international multi-disciplinary community of leading researchers, industrialists, policy makers and other stakeholders who share a common vision for the development and adoption of innovative low impact materials and solutions to deliver a more sustainable built environment in the 21st Century. The scope of LIMES.NET will include: adaptive and durable materials and solutions with significantly reduced embodied carbon and energy, based upon sustainable and appropriate use of resources; solutions for retrofitting applications to reduce performance carbon emissions of existing buildings and to minimise waste; climate change resilient and adaptive materials and technologies for retrofitting and new build applications to provide long term sustainable solutions. In recognition of their current adverse impacts and potential for future beneficial impacts, LIMES.NET will focus on bringing together experts to develop pathways to solutions using: renewable (timber and other plant based) construction materials; low-impact geo-based structural materials; cement and concrete based materials; innovative nano-materials and fibre reinforced composites. Through workshops and international visits the network will create a roadmap for multidisciplinary research and development pathways that will lead to high quality large research proposals, and an on-going virtual on-line centre of excellence.