DEEP-SEA (“DEEP – Software for Exascale Architectures”) will deliver the programming environment for future European exascale systems, adapting all levels of the software (SW) stack – including low-level drivers, computation and communication libraries, resource management, and programming abstractions with associated runtime systems and tools – to support highly heterogeneous compute and memory configurations and to allow code optimisation across existing and future architectures and systems At node-level the European Processor Initiative (EPI) will integrate general purpose CPUs and accelerators within the package and combine DDR and HBM memories. Consequently, DEEP-SEA will implement data placement policies for deep memory hierarchies, improving application performance on future EPI-based platforms. At system-level, CPUs and accelerators (e.g., various EPI chip configurations, or GPUs) are efficiently integrated following the Modular Supercomputer Architecture (MSA). The DEEP-SEA SW stack will enable dynamic resource allocation, application malleability, programming composability, and include tools to map applications to the MSA. Result is a SW environment enabling applications to run on the best suited hardware, in a scalable, and energy efficient manner. Targeting a high Technology Readiness Level (TRL), the project builds upon SW developments from previous EU-projects and international open source packages widely used in the HPC community, extending them with focus on compute and memory heterogeneity. This enables close collaborations within the HPC community and Centres of Excellence (CoEs). The DEEP-SEA SW elements will be extended in a collaborative co-design approach with EU-applications, considering relations and dependencies between the various levels of the stack. Therefore, ambitious and highly-relevant EU-applications will drive the co-design, evaluate the DEEP-SEA software stack, and demonstrate its benefits for users of European compute centres.

The OpenSuperQplus consortium is a structured partnership aiming at large-scale European quantum computers in the superconducting platform. It proposes and implements a set of roadmaps covering the complete technology stack including quantum hardware, enabling hard- and software, engineering, and an application-driven test suite. It will implement and guide two specific grant agreements (SGAs), aiming at 100 and 1000 qubits with high fidelity, respectively. Grown out of the ramp-up project OpenSuperQ, it brings together a community of excellent academic groups, RTOs, and companies of various sizes spread over Europe, and that includes widening countries. Industrial partners allow to commercialize components, enabling technologies as well as full machines. Its scientific focus is on high coherence, which is crucial to reach the break-even point of quantum advantage in NISQ and reaching out to fault tolerance. Beyond the SGAs, OpenSuperQplus will collaborate with many other Flagship projects, contribute to standardization through CEN/CENELEC, and form a sustainable partnership in the form of a professional organization.

The MILLENION project focuses on modular scalability and accessibility aspects of trapped-ion quantum computers (QCs), tackling the transition from current laboratory-based experiments to industry-grade quantum computing technologies with technology readiness level above 8. The envisaged platform, which builds on top of the rack-mounted 50-qubit QC demonstrator realised in the flagship project AQTION, will offer a quantum advantage for various use-cases in a fully automated 100-qubit ion-trap QC. Our consortium will aggressively pursue disruptive development goals: (a) changing from one-dimensional strings of ions to two-dimensional arrays will allow us to support more than 1000 qubits; (b) consistently encoding quantum information in the electronic ground state of ion qubits enables error rates smaller than 10-4 per gate operation compatible with fault-tolerant error correction; and (c) implementing parallel gate operations will enable larger algorithmic depth. The new demonstrator device will be equipped with a hardware-optimised firmware suite and will be integrated in a high-performance computing (HPC) infrastructure to realise a QC/HPC solution, supporting standardised interfaces to various quantum software development kits with cloud accessibility. Finally, we will pave the way to scalable quantum computing by introducing long-range connectivity between quantum processors using photonic interconnects. We will combine these quantum information techniques with trap fabrication and packaging technologies which integrate optical and electronic components to achieve stable long-term operation in an industrial environment. These scientific and technological advances will provide a powerful hardware platform that can be exploited by partnering quantum software consortia to solve problems of major commercial and industrial importance such as computational problems in chemistry and machine learning.

The increasing quantities of data generated by modern industrial and business processes pose enormous challenges for organizations seeking to glean knowledge and understanding from the data. Combinations of HPC, Cloud and Big Data technologies are key to meeting the increasingly diverse needs of large and small organizations alike. Critically, access to powerful compute platforms for SMEs - which has been difficult due to both technical and financial reasons - may now be possible. LEXIS (Large-scale EXecution for Industry & Society) project will build an advanced engineering platform at the confluence of HPC, Cloud and Big Data which will leverage large-scale geographically-distributed resources from existing HPC infrastructure, employ Big Data analytics solutions and augment them with Cloud services. Driven by the requirements of the pilots, the LEXIS platform will build on best of breed data management solutions (EUDAT) and advanced, distributed orchestration solutions (TOSCA), augmenting them with new, efficient hardware capabilities in the form of Data Nodes and federation, usage monitoring and accounting/billing supports to realize an innovative solution. The consortium will develop a demonstrator with a significant Open Source dimension including validation, test and documentation. It will be validated in the pilots - in the industrial and scientific sectors (Aeronautics, Earthquake and Tsunami, Weather and Climate) – where significant improvements in KPIs including job execution time and solution accuracy are anticipated. LEXIS will promote the solution to the HPC, Cloud and Big Data sectors maximizing impact through targeted and qualified communications. LEXIS brings together a consortium with the skills and experience to deliver a complex multi-faceted project, spanning a range of complex technologies across seven European countries, including large industry, flagship HPC centres, industrial and scientific compute pilot users, technology providers and SMEs.

Multiscale phenomena are ubiquitous and they are the key to understanding the complexity of our world. Despite the significant progress achieved through computer simulations over the last decades, we are still limited in our capability to accurately and reliably simulate hierarchies of interacting multiscale physical processes that span a wide range of time and length scales, thus quickly reaching the limits of contemporary high performance computing at the tera- and petascale. Exascale supercomputers promise to lift this limitation, and in this project we will develop multiscale computing algorithms capable of producing high-fidelity scientific results and scalable to exascale computing systems. Our main objective is to develop generic and reusable High Performance Multiscale Computing algorithms that will address the exascale challenges posed by heterogeneous architectures and will enable us to run multiscale applications with extreme data requirements while achieving scalability, robustness, resiliency, and energy efficiency. Our approach is based on generic multiscale computing patterns that allow us to implement customized algorithms to optimise load balancing, data handling, fault tolerance and energy consumption under generic exascale application scenarios. We will realise an experimental execution environment on our pan-European facility, which will be used to measure performance characteristics and develop models that can provide reliable performance predictions for emerging and future exascale architectures. The viability of our approach will be demonstrated by implementing nine grand challenge applications which are exascale-ready and pave the road to unprecedented scientific discoveries. Our ambition is to establish new standards for multiscale computing at exascale, and provision a robust and reliable software technology stack that empowers multiscale modellers to transform computer simulations into predictive science.