Fig. A.1 Diffractograms of iron ores obtained after reduction in thermobalance in H2 at 900 ºC. Fig. A.2. Evolution of the acummulated carbon thourghout the CCM, a) WHSV = 2 NL gcat -1 h-1 and 900 ºC, b) WHSV = 2 NL gcat -1 h-1.Fig. A.3 N2 adsorption isotherm of the hybrid materials produced at the CCM at 900 ºC and a) 2 NL h-1 gcat -1, b) 4 NL h-1 gcat -1. Fig. A.4 SEM images with direct electrons (top) and backscattered electrons (bottom) of the hybrid materials produced at the CCM at 900 ºC and 2 NL h-1 gcat -1. Fig. A.5 TEM images of the hybrid materials produced at the CCM at 900 ºC and 2 NL h-1 gcat -1. Fig. A.6 TEM images of the hybrid materials produced at the CCM at 900 ºC and 4 NL h-1 gcat -1. Fig. A.7 TEM images of the hybrid materials produced at the CCM at 800, 850 and 900 ºC and 2 NL h-1 gcat -1. Fig. A.8. Evolution of the concentrations of the outlet gases in the CCB at 900 ºC and 2 NL h-1 gcat -1 with a) WT-ore, b) SM-ore, c) MM-ore and d) LM-ore. Fig. A.9. TEM images of the solid product at the CCB at 900 ºC and 2 NL h-1 gcat.

This research was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and EU “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR” through project TED2021-131416B-I00 and by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER, UE through project PID2023-147514OB-I00. The authors also acknowledge Gobierno de Aragón (DGA) for the financial support to Grupo de Conversión de Combustibles (T06_20R). Jaime López-De Los Ríos acknowledges Diputación General de Aragón (DGA) for the predoctoral fellowship (CPT_01_23). C.D.S is grateful for the Juan de la Cierva (JdC) fellowship (Grant Number: JDC2022-048765-I) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by FSE+. DT is grateful for the Juan de la Cierva Incorporación (JdC-I) fellowship (Grant Number: IJC2020–045553-I) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.

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