Dataset for 'Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Infrastructure and Quality in Rural Healthcare Facilities in Rwanda' BMC Public Health addressing: (i) general water and power characteristics of 17 rural healthcare facilities in Rwanda, assessments conducted in 2011 and 2012; (ii) functionality of water access points in 10 rural healthcare facilities in Rwanda, 2012, (iii) availability of soap and water for hand washing in 10 rural healthcare facilities in Rwanda, 2012, (iv) state of toilets and latrines in 10 rural healthcare facilities in Rwanda, 2012, (v) Total Coliform concentration (MPN/100 mL) in tap water samples and treated drinking water samples from rural health centers in Rwanda collected during rapid assessment in 2011 and baseline assessment in 2012, (vi) E. coli concentration (MPN/100 mL) in tap water samples and treated drinking water samples from rural health centers in Rwanda collected during rapid assessment in 2011 and baseline assessment in 2012, (vii) free chlorine residual (mg/L) in tap water samples and treated drinking water samples from rural healthcare facilities in Rwanda collected during rapid assessment in 2011 and baseline assessment in 2012.