A two-stage data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the efficiency of the talent cultivation and talent utilization of NHRD systems in various countries from the perspective of HRD. The research samples mainly included OECD members, but also included BRIC countries such as China, Brazil, and Russia. After eliminating the countries with incomplete data, there were finally 60 countries. Variable data sources included the Government Finance Statistics Yearbook (GFSY) 2013 (IMF, 2014), the OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators (2014) (OECD, 2014), the World Talent Report (WTR), and the World Competitiveness Yearbook (WCY), both issued by the Institute for Management Development IMD (2014–2017) between 2014 and 2017, the WIPO Statistics Database (2016), the Conference Board Total Economy Database (2017), and World Bank Open Data (2016). Considering that there was a delay, there was a time gap of at least one year between the inputs and outputs. The evaluation period was from 2013 to 2017, for a total of five years.