Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
ZENODO
Dataset
Data sources: ZENODO
addClaim

Supermassive black holes swallow stellar objects at high rates: the data and code

Authors: Kritos, Konstantinos;

Supermassive black holes swallow stellar objects at high rates: the data and code

Abstract

The data files and code in this repository are associated with the work at https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.15929, a work completed in collaboration with Joseph Silk. Abbreviations: BH: black hole SMBH: supermassive black hole NSC: nuclear star cluster TDE: tidal disruption event MS: main sequence WD: white dwarf NS: neutron star GW: gravitational wave SNR: signal-to-noise ratio SAMS: zero-age main-sequence Data Files: cluster_M*_t*_g1.5_G2.0_a0.5_R0_r0_N0_l0.08_u150.0_V265_Z0.002_s1.npz: snapshot of the NSC for central SMBH mass $M=10^5, 10^6, 10^7\,M_\odot$ at time $t=10^0, 10^1, 10^2, 10^3, 10^4\,\rm Myr$. Keys: type: stellar type (integer value; see below) m_star: stellar object mass (solar masses) r_star: stellar object radius (solar radii) L_star: stellar object luminosity (solar luminosities) T_eff: effective surface stellar temperature (Kelvin) M_core: stellar core mass (Msun) M_env: stellar envelope mass (Msun) S: stellar global spin r: stellar radius from the center of the NSC (pc) E: energy L: angular momentum a: semimajor axis (pc) e: eccentricity P: period (Myr) t_R: relaxation time (Myr) r_t: tidal radius (pc) r_brem: gravitational bremsstrahlung radius (pc) r_mb: marginally bound radius (gravitational radii of SMBH) r_lc: loss-cone radius (pc) phi: orbital inclination relative to SMBH's spin orientation theta_lc: loss-cone angle (radians) thetaD_plunge: diffusion angle for plunge/capture (radians) thetaD_inspiral: diffusion angle for inspiral (radians) beta: encounter strength parameter r_p: orbital pericenter with SMBH (pc) r_a: orbital apocenter with SMBH (pc) v_p: pericentric velocity (km/s) t_p: pericenter timescale (Myr) t_I: stellar internal timescale (Myr) v_star: stellar current velocity magnitude (km/s) R_elc: empty-loss-cone rates (/Myr) Rflc_plunge: full-loss-cone capture rates (/Myr) Rflc_inspiral: fill-loss-cone inspiral rates (/Myr) Rlc_plunge: loss-cone capture rates (/Myr) Rlc_inspiral: loss-cone inspiral rates (/Myr) t_gw: gravitational-wave inspiral timescale (Myr) t_AP: general-relativistic apsidal-precession timescale (Myr) t_MP: mass-precession timescale (Myr) t_coh: coherence timescale (Myr) t_RR: resonant-relaxation timescale (Myr) t_NRR: non-resonant-relaxation timescale (Myr) t_fb: fallback timescale of each possible TDE (Myr) eta_R: TDE radiative efficiency t: current time (Myr) M_BH: SMBH mass (Msun) a_BH: SMBH dimensional spin parameter gamma_light: light component cusp power law gamma_heavy: heavy compotent cusp power law m_lower: lower ZAMS mass (Msun) m_upper: heavier ZAMS mass (Msun) Z: absolute metallicity seed: seed integer number r_min_light: minimum radius of light component (pc) r_min_heavy: minimum radius of heavy component (pc) r_infl: radius of influence (pc) N_star: number of stars N_star_original: N_NS: number of neutron stars N_BH: number of stellar-mass black holes velo_disp: velocity dispersion (km/s) v_esc: escape velocity (km/s) psi: multimass relaxation factor m_avg: average stellar mass (Msun) lnL: Coulomb logarithm of the system MS: main sequence mask giant: giant mask core: core mask WD: WD mask NS: NS mask BH: BH mask t12MS_subset: half-life decay timescale (days) of TDE flare for a subset of 10^4 MS stars LpkMS_subset: peak luminosity (erg/s) of TDE flare for the subset of 10^4 MS stars mS_subset: masses (Msun) in the subset of the 10^4 MS stars rS_subset: radii (Rsun) in the subset of the 10^4 MS stars Rlc_plunge_MS: number loss-cone capture rate per unit star for MSs Rlc_plunge_giant: number loss-cone capture rate per unit star for giants Rlc_plunge_core: number loss-cone capture rate per unit star for cores Rlc_plunge_WD: number loss-cone capture rate per unit star for WDs Rlc_plunge_NS: number loss-cone capture rate per unit star for NSs Rlc_plunge_BH: number loss-cone capture rate per unit star for BHs Rlc_inspiral_MS: number loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for MSs Rlc_inspiral_giant: number loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for giants Rlc_inspiral_core: number loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for cores Rlc_inspiral_WD: number loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for WDs Rlc_inspiral_NS: number loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for NSs Rlc_inspiral_BH: number loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for BHs Mlc_plunge_MS: mass loss-cone capture rate per unit star for MSs Mlc_plunge_giant: mass loss-cone capture rate per unit star for giants Mlc_plunge_core: mass loss-cone capture rate per unit star for cores Mlc_plunge_WD: mass loss-cone capture rate per unit star for WDs Mlc_plunge_NS: mass loss-cone capture rate per unit star for NSs Mlc_plunge_BH: mass loss-cone capture rate per unit star for BHs Mlc_inspiral_MS: mass loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for MSs Mlc_inspiral_giant: mass loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for giants Mlc_inspiral_core: mass loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for cores Mlc_inspiral_WD: mass loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for WDs Mlc_inspiral_NS: mass loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for NSs Mlc_inspiral_BH: mass loss-cone inspiral rate per unit star for BHs Dlc_plunge_MS: capture duty cycle per unit star for MSs Dlc_plunge_giant: capture duty cycle per unit star for giants Dlc_plunge_core: capture duty cycle per unit star for cores Dlc_plunge_WD: capture duty cycle per unit star for WDs Dlc_plunge_NS: capture duty cycle per unit star for NSs Dlc_plunge_BH: capture duty cycle per unit star for BHs Dlc_inspiral_MS: inspiral duty cycle per unit star for MSs Dlc_inspiral_giant: inspiral duty cycle per unit star for giants Dlc_inspiral_core: inspiral duty cycle per unit star for cores Dlc_inspiral_WD: inspiral duty cycle per unit star for WDs Dlc_inspiral_NS: inspiral duty cycle per unit star for NSs Dlc_inspiral_BH: inspiral duty cycle per unit star for BHs Lpkt12MSsubset_M*_t*_g1.5_G2.0_a0.5_R0_r0_N0_l0.08_u150.0_V265_Z0.002_s1.npz: Keys: Lpk: Peak luminosities in erg/s t12: half-life of flare emission in days mS: MS star mass in solar masses rS: MS star radius in solar radii RMDlc_M*_g1.5_G2.0_a0.5_R0_r0_N0_l0.08_u150.0_V265_Z0.002.npz: Keys: Rlc_plunge_MS: mean plunge number rate of MS stars dRlc_plunge_MS: standard deviation of the plunge number rate of MS stars Rlc_inspiral_MS: mean inspiral number rate of MS stars dRlc_inspiral_MS: standard deviation of the inspiral number rate of MS stars Rlc_plunge_giant: mean plunge number rate of giant stars dRlc_plunge_giant: standard deviation of the plunge number rate of giant stars Rlc_inspiral_giant: mean inspiral number rate of giant stars dRlc_inspiral_giant: standard deviation of the inspiral number rate of giant stars Rlc_plunge_WD: mean plunge number rate of WD stars dRlc_plunge_WD: standard deviation of the plunge number rate of WD stars Rlc_inspiral_WD: mean inspiral number rate of WD stars dRlc_inspiral_WD: standard deviation of the inspiral number rate of WD stars Rlc_plunge_NS: mean plunge number rate of NSs dRlc_plunge_NS: standard deviation of the plunge number rate of NSs Rlc_inspiral_NS: mean inspiral number rate of NSs dRlc_inspiral_NS: standard deviation of the inspiral number rate of NSs Rlc_plunge_BH: mean plunge number rate of BHs dRlc_plunge_BH: standard deviation of the plunge number rate of BHs Rlc_inspiral_BH: mean inspiral number rate of BHs dRlc_inspiral_BH: standard deviation of the inspiral number rate of BHs Mlc_plunge_MS: mean plunge-mass accretion rate of MS stars dMlc_plunge_MS: standard deviation of the plunge-mass accretion rate of MS stars Mlc_inspiral_MS: mean inspiral-mass accretion rate of MS stars dMlc_inspiral_MS: standard deviation of the inspiral-mass accretion rate of MS stars Mlc_plunge_giant: mean plunge-mass accretion rate of giant stars dMlc_plunge_giant: standard deviation of the plunge-mass accretion rate of giant stars Mlc_inspiral_giant: mean inspiral-mass accretion rate of giant stars dMlc_inspiral_giant: standard deviation of the inspiral-mass accretion rate of giant stars Mlc_plunge_WD: mean plunge-mass accretion rate of WD stars dMlc_plunge_WD: standard deviation of the plunge-mass accretion rate of WD stars Mlc_inspiral_WD: mean inspiral-mass accretion rate of WD stars dMlc_inspiral_WD: standard deviation of the inspiral-mass accretion rate of WD stars Mlc_plunge_NS: mean plunge-mass accretion rate of NSs dMlc_plunge_NS: standard deviation of the plunge-mass accretion rate of NSs Mlc_inspiral_NS: mean inspiral-mass accretion rate of NSs dMlc_inspiral_NS: standard deviation of the inspiral-mass accretion rate of NSs Mlc_plunge_BH: mean plunge-mass accretion rate of BHs dMlc_plunge_BH: standard deviation of the plunge-mass accretion rate of BHs Mlc_inspiral_BH: mean inspiral-mass accretion rate of BHs dMlc_inspiral_BH: standard deviation of the inspiral-mass accretion rate of BHs Dlc_plunge_MS: mean plunge duty cycle of MS stars dDlc_plunge_MS: standard deviation of the plunge duty cycle of MS stars Dlc_inspiral_MS: mean inspiral duty cycle of MS stars dDlc_inspiral_MS: standard deviation of the inspiral duty cycle of MS stars Dlc_plunge_giant: mean plunge duty cycle of giant stars dDlc_plunge_giant: standard deviation of the plunge duty cycle of giant stars Dlc_inspiral_giant: mean inspiral duty cycle of giant stars dDlc_inspiral_giant: standard deviation of the inspiral duty cycle of giant stars Dlc_plunge_WD: mean plunge duty cycle of WD stars dDlc_plunge_WD: standard deviation of the plunge duty cycle of WD stars Dlc_inspiral_WD: mean inspiral duty cycle of WD stars dDlc_inspiral_WD: standard deviation of the inspiral duty cycle of WD stars Dlc_plunge_NS: mean plunge duty cycle of NSs dDlc_plunge_NS: standard deviation of the plunge duty cycle of NSs Dlc_inspiral_NS: mean inspiral duty cycle of NSs dDlc_inspiral_NS: standard deviation of the inspiral duty cycle of NSs Dlc_plunge_BH: mean plunge duty cycle of BHs dDlc_plunge_BH: standard deviation of the plunge duty cycle of BHs Dlc_inspiral_BH: mean inspiral duty cycle of BHs dDlc_inspiral_BH: standard deviation of the inspiral duty cycle of BHs GW-*_M*_*_g1.5_G2.0_a0.5_R0_r0_N0_l0.08_u150.0_V265_Z0.002_s1.npz: Keys: f_0: initial GW frequency of each bound captured pair e_0: initial eccentricity of each bound captured pair f_EMRI: initial frequency of each inspiral e_EMRI: initial eccentricity of each inspiral m: secondary's mass (solar masses) R: secondary's radius (pc) v: secondary's velocity at infinity (km/s) prograde: it is True if orbital angular momentum points in the direction of SMBH's spin, else it is False x: maximum between the radius of the compact object and the marginally-bound radius of the SMBH, normalized to the gravitational radius of the system z: redshift of the event f: observer-frame GW frequency bins (Hz) h_plunge: characteristic GW strain for all captures in a subset over the frequency bins f, including 100 harmonics h_inspiral: characteristic GW strain for all EMRIs in a subset over the frequency bins f, including 100 harmonics t_plunge: time for merger in a captured pair Rlc_plunge: loss-cone rate for captures Rlc_inspiral: loss-cone rate for EMRIs M_BH: mass of the SMBH N_true: true number of compact objects N_used: subset of at most 1000 randomly-sampled compact objects V: effective comoving volume accounting for time delays (Mpc^3) n: number density of SMBHs (Mpc^-3) N_plunge_Tobs: intrinsic number of captures in observation time Tobs N_inspiral_Tobs: intrinsic number of EMRIs in observation time Tobs h_plunge_z10: characteristic GW strain for all captures in a subset over the frequency bins f, including 100 harmonics, at redshift z=10 h_inspiral_z10: characteristic GW strain for all EMRIs in a subset over the frequency bins f, including 100 harmonics, at redshift z=10 SNR_plunge_LISA: SNR of each capture in LISA SNR_inspiral_LISA: SNR of each inspiral in LISA SNR_plunge_LGWA: SNR of each capture in LGWA SNR_inspiral_LGWA: SNR of each inpsiral in LGWA fdet_plunge_LISA_SNR10: fraction of captures with a LISA-SNR>10 fdet_inspiral_LISA_SNR10: fraction of inspirals with a LISA-SNR>10 fdet_plunge_LGWA_SNR10: fraction of captures with a LGWA-SNR>10 fdet_inspiral_LGWA_SNR10: fraction of inspirals with a LGWA-SNR>10 Code Files: module.py: contains all imports, constants, and functions used to create the NSC snapshot. main.py: accepts user inputs, calls routines from the module, and exports the NSC snapshot in the cluster*.npz file. postanalysis.py: calculates mean rates and standard deviations over different realizations, the properties of MS TDEs, and exports the Lpkt*.npz and RMDlc*.npz files. gravitational_waves.py: computes the GW strain for plunges and inspirals of all compact objects as well as the SNRs for LISA, and exports the GW*.npz files. Important Note: Some snapshot files were used in the post-analysis but were not uploaded to this dataset due to storage limitations. Please contact Konstantinos Kritos, the creator and owner of this repository, to get access to all data files.

Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback