Description This repository contains the data, scripts, and documentation supporting the study “Mapping forest tree species and uncertainty using satellite observations and National Forest Inventory data: towards operational monitoring in Sweden” by Abdulhakim Abdi and Fan Wang. The materials include tree species classification raster, a pixel-level entropy raster representing classification uncertainty, and spatially continuous, entropy-weighted tree species fractions, as well as the R implementation for deriving these fractions. Together, these resources enable large-area analyses of forest composition, uncertainty propagation, and the spatial characterization of forest stands across southern Sweden (Skåne, Blekinge, Halland, Kronoberg, Jönköping, and Kalmar counties). Contents TreeSpecies_Classification_XGB.tif — Discrete raster (8-bit unsigned integer) of dominant tree species predicted by an XGBoost model trained on Sentinel-1/2 and topographic data. TreeSpecies_Entropy_XGB.tif — Continuous raster (16-bit unsigned integer) containing per-pixel Shannon entropy values (0–Hmax), quantifying classification uncertainty. Weighted_Fraction_XXXX.tif (XXXX = Tree species/class) — Continuous rasters (Float32, 0–100%) representing local, entropy-weighted fractional cover of each tree species computed within a moving Gaussian window. Each file corresponds to one of the eight dominant species (Norway spruce, Scots pine, Birch, Beech, Oak, Alder, Aspen, and Other species). An additional “Weighted_Fraction_Unknown.tif” layer represents the proportion of unclassified or masked pixels within the window. Convert_classification_to_entropy-weighted_tree_species_fractions.R — R script that computes local (moving-window) species fractions with optional entropy weighting, producing 0–100% fractional cover maps for each species and an additional “Unknown” fraction layer. Derivation of entropy-weighted tree species fractions.docx — Document detailing the steps taken to derive the entropy-weighted tree species fractions. Spatial characteristics Property Specification Geographic coverage Southern Sweden (Skåne, Blekinge, Halland, Kronoberg, Jönköping, and Kalmar counties) Extent 307020, 6132480 : 609300, 6450120 (EPSG:3006 – SWEREF99 TM) Projection Projected (UTM), units in meters Spatial resolution 10 × 10 m Raster dimensions 30,228 × 31,764 pixels Origin 307020, 6,450,120