The Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was founded in 1972 on the basis of two laboratories of the Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR and the Problem research laboratory of bone marrow and blood low-temperature preservation. The Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is currently the only institution in the world that comprehensively develops modern medical and biological cryotechniques.