Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HPSCT) specifically involves transplanting healthy stem cells from the bone marrow to the recipient with depleted bone marrow. If the donor and recipient are the same individuals, it’s known as autologous and allogenic if they are different but of the same species. Donor cord blood is also sourced for this procedure. HPSCT can be used as bone marrow replacement therapy for certain extreme diseases, such as severe aplastic anemia, sickle cell disease, and cancers. This review will focus on its outcome and prognosis. Aim of the Study: This review aims to discuss the outcome and prognosis of Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methodology: Comprehensive research of Hematopoietic stem cell transplant outcome and prognosis. The PUBMED search engine was the database used for the search process, with articles collected from 1957 to 2023. The term used in the search were: Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HPSCT), outcome, prognosis, HLA typing, Engraftment, Conditioning Conclusion: The hematopoietic stem cell transplant procedure is usually reserved for some instances of cancer and other extreme hematological diseases. The procedure carries a huge risk for complications which also can be fatal. There has been significant progress in the outcome and prognosis of HPSCT over the years, but much room remains for researchers and clinicians alike. Keywords: Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HPSCT), outcome, prognosis, HLA typing, Engraftment, Conditioning