In a recent paper published in Science (DOI: 10.1126/science.abj5593), Lentzos et al. (2022) have presented self-spreading viruses and the associated challenges for their governance at the global scale given their putative applications in agriculture and health. Given the disruptive nature of this technology under development we have been willing, in this letter, to highlight several points related to their biological properties and their invasive nature but also question how they could articulate with the One Health approach that is today considered with favor to deal with animal (wildlife or livestock) and human health while taking also into account the ecosystems in a holistic manner. Initially submitted as a Letter to Science, it has been published as a eLetter on Science website and posted here as a public archive.