Dataset abstract The authors highly appreciate being contacted if the data is to be used for any purpose. The following data set was used in the study entitled "Towards understanding the characteristics of new particle formation in the Eastern Mediterranean" and published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Journal. This study explored new particle formation in Eastern Mediterranean based on one year of measurements of particle number concentrations starting from ~1nm in addition to complementary meteorological and gas measurements. This dataset was measured/calculated based on measurements at the Cyprus Atmospheric Observatory - Agia Marina Xyliatou (CAO-AMX) station (https://cao.cyi.ac.cy/agia-marina-xyliatou/). CAO-AMX is one of the Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C) research infrastructure stations. Please refer to the manuscript and its supplementary material for more information about how the data was collected and curated. Dataset contents: The dataset is arranged in tables having .txt format It contains: hourly meteorological data, hourly air quality data, hourly size-binned particle number concentrations, hourly particle formation rates, hourly condensation sinks, daily particle growth rates, daily NPF classification, daily sector analysis at 6:00 am UTC The meteorological data and the gas data were provided by the Department of Labour Inspection (DLI) of the Ministry of Labour, Welfare, and Social Insurance of Cyprus. Dataset license The dataset is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) whose full text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/