A .geojson (GeoJSON) file containing a curated dataset of georeferenced sugarcane samples for the 2023/2024 crop season across the State of São Paulo. The images and time series used as references were collected from using the USGS Landsat 8 Level 2, Collection 2, Tier 1 | Earth Engine Data Catalog | Google for Developers (https://developers.google.com/earth engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LC08_C02_T1_L2), as the primary tool, and the Temporal Vegetation Analysis System (SATVeg) platform, developed by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), as a complementary tool. A total of 1408 samples were obtained (686 corresponding to sugarcane croplands and 722 to other land uses). The methodology is detailed in an article which is currently in press.