EIA administers the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) to a nationally representative sample of housing units. Traditionally, specially trained interviewers collect energy characteristics on the housing unit, usage patterns, and household demographics. For the 2020 survey cycle, EIA used Web and mail forms to collect detailed information on household energy characteristics. This information is combined with data from energy suppliers to these homes to estimate energy costs and usage for heating, cooling, appliances and other end uses — information critical to meeting future energy demand and improving efficiency and building design. Archived from https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/ This archive contains raw input data for the Public Utility Data Liberation (PUDL) software developed by Catalyst Cooperative. It is organized into Frictionless Data Packages. For additional information about this data and PUDL, see the following resources: The PUDL Repository on GitHub PUDL Documentation Other Catalyst Cooperative data archives