
handle: 20.500.12371/27121
RESUMEN La materia orgánica (MO) en el suelo es fundamental para la salud y productividad de los agroecosistemas, especialmente en el estado de Tlaxcala, México, donde la agricultura es la principal actividad económica. Este estudio analiza el contenido de MO en diversas regiones del estado (Norte, Oriente, Poniente, Centronorte, Centrosur y Sur) a partir de 1158 muestras de suelo, con el fin de evaluar su calidad, estructura y clasificación de fertilidad. Se empleó el método de Walkley y Black para determinar el porcentaje de MO, y los resultados indican que más del 90% de las muestras presentan niveles de MO considerados "muy bajos" y "bajos", lo que sugiere una fuerte correlación con la textura del suelo. Las regiones Norte y Poniente mostraron mayor retención de MO debido a su textura arcillosa, mientras que la región Oriente presentó los valores más bajos, asociados a su alta proporción de arenas. Este estudio resalta la necesidad de implementar enmiendas orgánicas para mejorar el contenido de MO y, por ende, la fertilidad del suelo, contribuyendo así a la sostenibilidad y productividad agrícola en Tlaxcala. Las conclusiones enfatizan la importancia de una gestión adecuada de la MO para mitigar el riesgo de desertificación y promover prácticas agrícolas sostenibles. ABSTRACT Organic matter (OM) in soil is crucial for the health and productivity of agroecosystems, particularly in Tlaxcala, Mexico, where agriculture is the primary economic activity. This study analyzes the OM content across various regions of the state (North, East, West, Central North, Central South, and South) using 1,158 soil samples to assess its quality, structure and fertility classification. The Walkley and Black method was employed to determine the percentage of OM, with results indicating that over 90% of the samples exhibit OM levels classified as "very low" and "low," suggesting a strong correlation with soil texture. The North and West regions demonstrated better OM retention due to their clayey texture, while the East region had the lowest values, associated with a higher proportion of sand. This study highlights the necessity of implementing organic amendments to enhance OM content and, consequently, soil fertility, thus contributing to sustainable agricultural productivity in Tlaxcala. The findings emphasize the importance of proper OM management to mitigate the risk of desertification and promote sustainable agricultural practices.
regiones, suelo, descomposición, textura del suelo, Cultivos, fertilidad
regiones, suelo, descomposición, textura del suelo, Cultivos, fertilidad
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