In August 2023, the College of Commissioners asked the Group of Chief Scientific Advisors to produce a Scientific Opinion on the complex issue of solar radiation modification (SRM). The aim is for the Advisors' policy recommendations to contribute to defining the EU's position in international discussions on SRM, as well as informing any future planning for research programmes and decisions on EU financial instruments. SAPEA was asked to undertake a comprehensive evidence review, which informs the Scientific Opinion of the Advisors. To draft this evidence review report, SAPEA has assembled an outstanding working group of European experts from a variety of academic disciplines, backgrounds and countries. The evidence review has been coordinated by Academia Europaea, acting as the Lead Academy on behalf of SAPEA.