The Orbitrap mass analyzer has become a mainstream mass spectrometry technique. In addition to providinga brief introduction to the Orbitrap technology and its continuing development, this article reviewsthe most recent publications quoting the use of the Orbitrap detection for a variety of chromatographicseparation techniques. Its coupling to reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) represents undoubtedlythe most ubiquitous approach to both small molecule and proteomic analyses. Multi-dimensional LCseparations have an important role to play in the proteomics applications while an ultra-high-pressureLC is more frequently encountered in the area of metabolomics and metabolite analysis. Recently, specialchromatographic techniques such as hydrophilic interaction chromatography and its variations have alsobeen also cited with the Orbitrap detection.