To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene (MTP-493G/T) and the level of serum lipids in Guangxi Heiyi Zhuang population.A total of 500 people of Heiyi Zhuang nationality, 272 males and 228 females, aged 7-83, were surveyed by cluster sampling. Blood pressure, height, weight, serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured, and both body surface areas and body mass index were calculated. The genotype and allele of MTP-493G/T were determined by polymerase chain reaction combined with allele-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-ASO) hybridization method, and then confirmed by direct sequencing. The results were compared with those in 500 matched people of Han nationality who also live in that district.(1) The frequencies of G and T allele were 0.74 and 0.26 in Heiyi Zhuang people, and 0.73 and 0.27 in Han people respectively. The frequencies of GG, GT and TT genotypes were 0.58 (289/500), 0.33 (166/500) and 0.09 (45/500) in Heiyi Zhuang, and 0.56 (281/500), 0.34 (172/500) and 0.09 (47/500) in Han people respectively. There were no significant differences of G/T allele and genotype frequencies between Heiyi Zhuang and Han people. (2) The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B in TT genotype were significantly higher than those in GT or GG genotype, but there were no significant differences of them between the GG and GT genotypes. The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 were not significantly different among the three genotypes.The frequencies of allele and genotype of MTP-493G/T are not significantly different between the Heiyi Zhuang and Han populations. But the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B in the TT genotype are significantly higher than those in the GT or GG genotype in both nationalities.