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Espace populations sociétés
Article . 2016
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Handicap de situation et accessibilité piétonne : reconcevoir l’espace urbain

Nadja Victor; Olivier Klein; Philippe Gerber;

Handicap de situation et accessibilité piétonne : reconcevoir l’espace urbain

Abstract

Á l’heure où les espaces publics doivent être organisés de manière à permettre une accessibilité totale aux personnes handicapées, les mesures proposées pour améliorer la mobilité des piétons semblent dorénavant devoir considérer l’espace du point de vue des usagers. Toutefois, l’espace urbain ne peut être épuré de tout obstacle puisque certains espaces favorables aux uns peuvent être simultanément défavorables aux autres. Le handicap est ici abordé comme le résultat d’une situation où l’adéquation entre l'aménagement des espaces et la demande de l'usager en fonction de ses caractéristiques physiques intrinsèques s’avère inexistante ou insuffisante. La localisation et l’identification de la nature des espaces, à l’échelle des quartiers, mais aussi la préconisation d’itinéraires adaptés à l’usager, à celle des tronçons, semble être une réponse socio-spatiale aux attentes d’une approche du « handicap de situation ». Pour ce faire, une méthodologie d’acquisition et d’analyse de données spécifiques à l’accessibilité piétonne, un audit urbain, est proposée dans le but de compléter un système d’information géographique et de configurer des restrictions potentielles de déplacement suivant les usagers. Nowadays, public spaces have to be planned to allow a full accessibility for people with disabilities. The measures proposed to improve pedestrian mobility need to consider the surrounding space from the users’ point of view. However, urban space cannot be purged of any obstacles, since a favourable areas for some users can simultaneously be unfavourable to others. Therefore, disability is addressed as the result of a situation where the balance between urban planning and the user’s demands, according to his own physical characteristics, are inexistent or not efficient. A socio-spatial answer to the expectation of a “handicap of situation” approach seems to pass by the location and the identification of the nature of spaces at the scale of a neighbourhood, but also by adapted routes to users at the scale of a segment. To achieve this, a pedestrian-oriented data collection and analysis, an urban audit, is provided to complete a geographical information system and to configure potential moving restrictions in respect of various users.

Subjects by Vocabulary

Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation lcsh:G lcsh:Social sciences (General) lcsh:H1-99

Keywords

pedestrian trip, accessibility, geographical information system, handicap of situation, walk, déplacement piéton, accessibilité, système d’information géographique, handicap de situation, marche, pedestrian trip, accessibility, geographical information system, handicap of situation, walk, Geography, Planning and Development, Demography

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  • citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    4
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Average
Average
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