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The Betelgeuse Project II: Asteroseismology

Authors: Sarafina Nance; James M. Sullivan; Manuel Diaz; J. Craig Wheeler;

The Betelgeuse Project II: Asteroseismology

Abstract

We explore the question of whether the interior state of massive red supergiant supernova progenitors can be effectively probed with asteroseismology. We have computed a suite of ten models with ZAMS masses from 15 to 25 m_sun in intervals of 1 m_sun, including the effects of rotation, with the stellar evolutionary code MESA. We estimate characteristic frequencies and convective luminosities of convective zones at two illustrative stages, core helium burning and off-center convective carbon burning. We also estimate the power that might be delivered to the surface to modulate the luminous output considering various efficiencies and dissipation mechanisms. The inner convective regions should generate waves with characteristic periods of ~20 days in core helium burning, ~10 days in helium shell burning, and 0.1 to 1 day in shell carbon burning. Acoustic waves may avoid both shock and diffusive dissipation relatively early in core helium burning throughout most of the structure. In shell carbon burning, years before explosion, the signal generated in the helium shell might in some circumstances be weak enough to avoid shock dissipation, but is subject to strong thermal dissipation in the hydrogen envelope. Signals from a convective carbon-burning shell are very likely to be even more severely damped within the envelope. In the most optimistic case, early in core helium burning, waves arriving close to the surface could represent luminosity fluctuations of a few millimagnitudes, but the conditions in the very outer reaches of the envelope suggest severe thermal damping there.

12 pages, 14 figures

Related Organizations
Subjects by Vocabulary

Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Betelgeuse Physics Convection chemistry.chemical_element Astrophysics Asteroseismology Luminosity Supernova chemistry Red supergiant Helium Envelope (waves)

arXiv: Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics

Keywords

FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)

Aerts, C. 2015, Astronomische Nachrichten, 336, 477

Arnett, W. D., & Meakin, C. 2011, ApJ, 733, 78

Couch, S. M., Chatzopoulos, E., Arnett, W. D., & Timmes, F. X. 2015, ApJL, 808, L21

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  • citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    8
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
8
Top 10%
Average
Average
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