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Genomic Imprinting in the Arabidopsis Embryo Is Partly Regulated by PRC2

Authors: Raissig Michael T; Bemer Marian; Baroux Célia; Grossniklaus Ueli;

Genomic Imprinting in the Arabidopsis Embryo Is Partly Regulated by PRC2

Abstract

Genomic imprinting results in monoallelic gene expression in a parent-of-origin-dependent manner and is regulated by the differential epigenetic marking of the parental alleles. In plants, genomic imprinting has been primarily described for genes expressed in the endosperm, a tissue nourishing the developing embryo that does not contribute to the next generation. In Arabidopsis, the genes MEDEA (MEA) and PHERES1 (PHE1), which are imprinted in the endosperm, are also expressed in the embryo; whether their embryonic expression is regulated by imprinting or not, however, remains controversial. In contrast, the maternally expressed in embryo 1 (mee1) gene of maize is clearly imprinted in the embryo. We identified several imprinted candidate genes in an allele-specific transcriptome of hybrid Arabidopsis embryos and confirmed parent-of-origin-dependent, monoallelic expression for eleven maternally expressed genes (MEGs) and one paternally expressed gene (PEG) in the embryo, using allele-specific expression analyses and reporter gene assays. Genetic studies indicate that the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) but not the DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (MET1) is involved in regulating imprinted expression in the embryo. In the seedling, all embryonic MEGs and the PEG are expressed from both parents, suggesting that the imprint is erased during late embryogenesis or early vegetative development. Our finding that several genes are regulated by genomic imprinting in the Arabidopsis embryo clearly demonstrates that this epigenetic phenomenon is not a unique feature of the endosperm in both monocots and dicots.

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Keywords

2716 Genetics (clinical), Arabidopsis, MADS Domain Proteins, 580 Plants (Botany), QH426-470, Zea mays, Genomic Imprinting, Magnoliopsida, 10126 Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 1311 Genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, 1312 Molecular Biology, Genetics, 1306 Cancer Research, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases, 10211 Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, Alleles, Arabidopsis Proteins, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, DNA Methylation, Endosperm, Repressor Proteins, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Seeds, Research Article

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
71
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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gold