DNA damage during S-phase mediates the proliferation-quiescence decision in the subsequent G1 via p21 expression
Copyright policy )DNA damage during S-phase mediates the proliferation-quiescence decision in the subsequent G1 via p21 expression
AbstractFollowing DNA damage caused by exogenous sources, such as ionizing radiation, the tumour suppressor p53 mediates cell cycle arrest via expression of the CDK inhibitor, p21. However, the role of p21 in maintaining genomic stability in the absence of exogenous DNA-damaging agents is unclear. Here, using live single-cell measurements of p21 protein in proliferating cultures, we show that naturally occurring DNA damage incurred over S-phase causes p53-dependent accumulation of p21 during mother G2- and daughter G1-phases. High p21 levels mediate G1 arrest via CDK inhibition, yet lower levels have no impact on G1 progression, and the ubiquitin ligases CRL4Cdt2 and SCFSkp2 couple to degrade p21 prior to the G1/S transition. Mathematical modelling reveals that a bistable switch, created by CRL4Cdt2, promotes irreversible S-phase entry by keeping p21 levels low, preventing premature S-phase exit upon DNA damage. Thus, we characterize how p21 regulates the proliferation-quiescence decision to maintain genomic stability.
- Institute of Cancer Research United Kingdom
- University of Oxford
- University of Oxford
- TU Dresden Germany
- UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, 570, STOCHASTIC SIMULATION, Science, Green Fluorescent Proteins, 610, Article, Genomic Instability, Cell Line, S Phase, UBIQUITIN LIGASE, FRAGILE SITES, Gene Knockout Techniques, HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, CELL-CYCLE, Humans, Cell Proliferation, G(1) ARREST, Microscopy, Science & Technology, Microscopy, Confocal, Q, G1 Phase, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, TUMOR SUPPRESSION, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Cell Tracking, Confocal, CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, CDK INHIBITOR P21, Science & Technology - Other Topics, REPLICATION FORK, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Cell Division, DNA Damage
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, 570, STOCHASTIC SIMULATION, Science, Green Fluorescent Proteins, 610, Article, Genomic Instability, Cell Line, S Phase, UBIQUITIN LIGASE, FRAGILE SITES, Gene Knockout Techniques, HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, CELL-CYCLE, Humans, Cell Proliferation, G(1) ARREST, Microscopy, Science & Technology, Microscopy, Confocal, Q, G1 Phase, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, TUMOR SUPPRESSION, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Cell Tracking, Confocal, CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, CDK INHIBITOR P21, Science & Technology - Other Topics, REPLICATION FORK, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Cell Division, DNA Damage
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