Recommended citation Gütschow, J.; Pflüger, M. (2022): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.4 (1750-2021). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7179775. Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016 Content Use of the dataset and full description Abstract Support Sources Files included in the dataset Notes Data format description (columns) References Changelog Abstract The PRIMAP-hist dataset combines several published datasets to create a comprehensive set of greenhouse gas emission pathways for every country and Kyoto gas, covering the years 1750 to 2021, and all UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) member states as well as most non-UNFCCC territories. The data resolves the main IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories. For CO2, CH4, and N2O subsector data for Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), and Agriculture are available. The "country reported data priority" (CR) scenario of the PRIMAP-hist datset prioritizes data that individual countries report to the UNFCCC. For developed countries, AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data submitted anually in the "common reporting format" (CRF). For developing countries, non-AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data available through the UNFCCC DI interface (di.unfccc.int) with additional country submissions read from pdf and where available xls files. For a list of these submissions please see below. For South Korea the latest official GHG inventory has not yet been submitted to the UNFCCC but is included in PRIMAP-hist. PRIMAP-hist also includes official data for Taiwan which is not recognized as a party to the UNFCCC. Gaps in the country reported data are filled using third party data such as CDIAC, BP (fossil CO2), Andrew cement emissions data (cement), FAOSTAT (agriculture), and EDGAR v6.0 (all sectors). Lower priority data are harmonized to higher priority data in the gap-filling process. For the third party priority time series gaps in the third party data are filled from country reprted data sources. Data for earlier years which are not available in the above mentioned sources are sourced from EDGAR-HYDE, CEDS, and RCP (N2O only) historical emissions. The v2.4 release of PRIMAP-hist reduces the time-lag from 2 to 1 years. Thus we include data for 2021 while the last version (2.3.1) included data for 2019 only. For energy CO$_2$ growth rates from the BP statistical review of world energy are used to extend the country reported (CR) or CDIAC (TP) data to 2021. For CO$_2$ from cement production Andrew cement data are used. For all other sectors and gases no emission estimates exist. Thus PRIMAP-hist relies on numerical methods and uses a linear extrapolation based on the last 15 years. COVID-19 has primarily impacted energy related emissions and in tests with CRF data no impact of COVID in the performance of linear extrapolation of emissions data in the other sectors has been detected. Version 2.4 of the PRIMAP-hist dataset does not include emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) in the main file. LULUCF data are included in the file with increased number of significant digits and have to be used with care as they are constructed from different sources using different methodologies and are not harmonized. The PRIMAP-hist v2.4 dataset is an updated version of Gütschow, J.; Günther, A.; Pflüger, M. (2021): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.3.1 (1750-2019). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.5494497 The Changelog indicates the most important changes. You can also check the issue tracker on github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist for additional information on issues found after the release of the dataset. Use of the dataset and full description Before using the dataset, please read this document and the article describing the methodology, especially the section on uncertainties and the section on limitations of the method and use of the dataset. Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016 Please notify us (mail@johannes-guetschow.de) if you use the dataset so that we can keep track of how it is used and take that into consideration when updating and improving the dataset. When using this dataset or one of its updates, please cite the DOI of the precise version of the dataset used and also the data description article which this dataset is supplement to (see above). Please consider also citing the relevant original sources when using the PRIMAP-hist dataset. See the full citations in the References section further below. Since version 2.3 we use the data formats developed for the PRIMAP2 climate policy analysis suite: PRIMAP2 on GitHub. The data are published both in the interchange format which consists of a csv file with the data and a yaml file with additional metadata and the native NetCDF based format. For a detailed description of the data format we refer to the PRIMAP2 documentation. We have also, for the first, time included files with more than three significant digits. These files are mainly aimed at people doing policy analysis using the country reported data scenario (HISTCR). Using the high precision data they can avoid questions on discrepancies with the reported data. The uncertainties of emissions data do not justify the additional significant digits and they might give a false sense of accuracy, so please use this version of the dataset with extra care. Support If you encounter possible errors or other things that should be noted, please check our issue tracker at github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist and report your findings there. Please use the tag “v2.4” in any issue you create regarding this dataset. If you need support in using the dataset or have any other questions regarding the dataset, please contact mail@johannes-guetschow.de. Sources Global CO$_2$ emissions from cement production v220919 (Andrew 2022)** data, paper: Andrew (2022), Andrew (2019b) BP Statistical Review of World Energy website: British Petroleum (2022) CDIAC data: Boden et al. (2017): Gilfillan et al. (2020), paper Gilfillan and Marland (2021) EDGAR versions 4.2 and 4.2 FT2010: EDGAR v4.2, EDGAR v4.2 FT2010: JRC and PBL (2011), Olivier and Janssens-Maenhout (2012) EDGAR version 6.0: data, website, Paper in prep.: Crippa et al. (n.d.), JRC (2021) EDGAR-HYDE 1.4 data: Van Aardenne et al. (2001), Olivier and Berdowski (2001) FAOSTAT database data: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2021) RCP historical data data, paper: Meinshausen et al. (2011) UNFCCC National Communications and National Inventory Reports for developing countries website, data: UNFCCC (2022c), Pflüger and Gütschow (2022) UNFCCC Biennial Update Reports website: UNFCCC (2022b) UNFCCC Common Reporting Format (CRF) website, paper, data (22-09-27): UNFCCC (2022a) (processed as described in Jeffery et al. (2018a)) Official country repositories (non-UNFCCC) Taiwan / Republic of China: website, data: Republic of China - Environmental Protection Administration (2022) South Korea: website, data: Republic of Korea (2022) Files included in the dataset For each dataset we have three files: the .nc file contains the data and metadata in the native PRIMAP2 netCDF based format. The .csv file contains the data in a csv format following the specifications of the PRIMAP2 interchange format. The metadata for the interchange format file is included in the .yaml file. Guetschow-et-al-2022-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4_11-Oct-2022.X: The main dataset with numerical extrapolation of all time series to 2021 and three significant digits. Guetschow-et-al-2022-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4_no_extrap_11-Oct-2022.X: Variant without numerical extrapolation of missing values and not including the country groups mentioned in section [“country”] (three significant digits). Guetschow-et-al-2022-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4_no_rounding_11-Oct-2022.X: The main dataset with numerical extrapolation of all time series to 2021 and eleven significant digits. Guetschow-et-al-2022-PRIMAP-hist_v2.4_no_extrap_no_rounding_11-Oct-2022.csv: Variant without numerical extrapolation of missing values and not including the country groups mentioned in section [“country”] (eleven significant digits). PRIMAP-hist_v2.4_data-description.pdf: Data description including changelog. PRIMAP-hist_v2.4_updated_figures.pdf: Updated figures from the PRIMAP-hist paper published in ESSD. Notes Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included in the dataset. Emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) are not included in the main version of this dataset. They are included in the version without rounding as users need to take extra care when using LULUCF data as changes some of the year-to-year changes in the data come from using different sources or methodology changes within a source rather than changes in actual emissions. Data format description (columns) The PRIMAP-hist data in the comma-separated values (CSV) files is formatted consistently with the PRIMAP2 interchange format. The data contained in each column are as follows: “source” Name of the data source. Here: PRIMAP-hist_v2.4 with suffixes _ne for no extrapolation and _nr for no rounding. “scenario (PRIMAP)” HISTCR: In this scenario country-reported data (CRF, BUR, UNFCCC) are prioritized over third-party data (CDIAC, FAO, Andrew, EDGAR, BP). HISTTP: In this scenario third-party data (CDIAC, FAO, Andrew, EDGAR, BP) are prioritized over country-reported data (CRF, BUR, UNFCCC) “provenance“ Provenance of the data. Here: “derived” as it is a composite source. “country” ISO 3166 three-letter country codes or custom codes for groups: Code Region description ---- ------- EARTH Aggregated emissions for all countries. ANNEXI Annex I Parties to the Convention NONANNEXI Non-Annex I Parties to the Convention AOSIS Alliance of Small Island States BASIC BASIC countries (Brazil, South Africa, India and China) EU27BX European Union post Brexit LDC Least Developed Countries UMBRELLA Umbrella Group Table: Additional “country” codes. “category” IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories for emissions. Some aggregate sectors have been added to the hierarchy. These begin with the prefix M. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Category code Description ------------- --------------------------------------------------------- M.0.EL National Total excluding LULUCF 1 Energy 1.A Fuel Combustion Activities 1.B Fugitive Emissions from Fuels 1.B.1 Solid Fuels 1.B.2 Oil and Natural Gas 1.B.3 Other Emissions from Energy Production 1.C Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage (currently no data available) 2 Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) 2. A Mineral Industry 2.B Chemical Industry 2.C Metal Industry 2.D Non-Energy Products from Fuels and Solvent Use 2.E Electronics Industry (no data available as the category is only used for fluorinated gases which are only resolved at the level of category 2) 2 F Product uses as Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances (no data available as the category is only used for fluorinated gases which are only resolved at the level of category 2) 2.G Other Product Manufacture and Use 2.H Other M.AG Agriculture, sum of 3.A and M.AG.ELV 3.A Livestock M.AG.ELV Agriculture excluding Livestock 4 Waste 5 Other ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Table: Category descriptions using IPCC 2006 terminology. “entity” Gas categories using global warming potentials (GWP) from either Second Assessment Report (SAR) or Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). Code Description ---- ----------- CH4 Methane CO2 Carbon Dioxide N2O Nitrous Oxide HFCS (SARGWP100) Hydrofluorocarbons (SAR) HFCS (AR4GWP100) Hydrofluorocarbons (AR4) PFCS SARGWP100 Perfluorocarbons (SAR) PFCS (AR4GWP100) Perfluorocarbons (AR4) SF6 Sulfur Hexafluoride NF3 Nitrogen Trifluoride FGASES SARGWP100 Fluorinated Gases (SAR): HFCs, PFCs, SF$_6$, NF$_3$ FGASES (AR4GWP100) Fluorinated Gases (AR4): HFCs, PFCs, SF$_6$, NF$_3$ KYOTOGHG SARGWP100 Kyoto greenhouse gases (SAR) KYOTOGHG (AR4GWP100) Kyoto greenhouse gases (AR4) Table: Gas categories and underlying global warming potentials “unit” Unit is either <substance> * gigagram / a where substance is the entity or for CO2 equivalent units CO2 * gigagram / a. The CO2-equivalent is calculated according to the global warming potential indicated by the entity (see above). Remaining columns Years from 1750-2021. Changelog For the changelog we refer to the pdf version of the data description available for download here References For the full references we refer to the references section and the pdf version of the data description available for download here.