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Actinomicetos y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares como agentes de control biológico de la marchitez del chile

Authors: Alfredo Reyes Tena;

Actinomicetos y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares como agentes de control biológico de la marchitez del chile

Abstract

El cultivo de chile (Capsicum annuum L.) es de gran importancia económica a nivel mundial. La principal limitante para su producción es la marchitez causada por Phytophthora capsici. Con el objetivo de evaluar la aplicación de actinomicetos y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) en la promoción del crecimiento y bioprotección contra Phytophthora capsici en plantas de chile, se desarrollaron diferentes experimentos donde se evaluó: 1) La actividad antimicrobiana de actinomicetos contra Phytophthora capsici L. in vitro, 2) El antagonismo o compatibilidad entre distintos actinomicetos, 3) El efecto de distintos inóculos de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares como promotores de crecimiento vegetal y bioprotector contra Phytophthora capsici L. en plantas de chile y, 4) La Bioprotección por HMA y actinomicetos contra Phytophthora capsici L en plantas de chile poblano. Los resultados mostraron que los actinomicetos tuvieron una alta actividad antimicrobiana contra Phytophthora capsici in vitro, las cepas más efectivas en inhibir el crecimiento del fitopatógeno fueron: ABV39, ABV45 y ABV38. En el experimento de antagonismo/compatibilidad entre actinomicetos se encontró que, los actinomicetos ABV39 y ABV02 son recomendables para aplicar conjuntamente en experimentos in planta al no inhibirse entre ellos. Por otro lado, a partir de siete consorcios micorrízicos se encontró que, el consorcio nativo Cerro del Metate (CM) promovió el crecimiento en plantas de chile serrano y poblano, además de reducir la severidad de la marchitez causada por Phytophthora capsici. Finalmente, se encontró un efecto sinérgico en la promoción del crecimiento y reducción de la severidad de la marchitez en plantas de chile poblano, cuando se inocularon con el consorcio micorrízico CM y alguna de las cepas ABV39 o ABV02 de actinomicetos.

The chilli crop (Capsicum annuum L.) has great economic importance worldwide. The main limiting factor for its production is the wilting caused by Phytophthora capsici. In order to evaluate the application of actinomycetes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in promoting growth and bioprotection against Phytophthora capsici in chilli plants, different experiments were permorfed: 1) The antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes against Phytophthora capsici L. in vitro, 2) The antagonism or compatibility between different actinomycetes, 3) The effect of different inocula of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi like plant growth promoters and bioprotector against Phytophthora capsici L. in chilli plants and, 4) The Bioprotection by AMF and actinomycetes against Phytophthora capsici L on poblano chilli plants. The results showed that the actinomycetes had high antimicrobial activity against Phytophthora capsici in vitro, the most effective strains in inhibiting the growth of the phytopathogen were, ABV39, ABV45 and ABV38. In the experiment antagonism/compatibility between actinomycetes, was found that the actinomycetes ABV02 and ABV39 are recommended for combined application in experiments in plant, because not inhibited between them. On the other hand, from seven mycorrhizal consortia, we found that the consortium Cerro of Metate (CM) promoted growth in plants of poblano and serrano chili, and reduce the severity of wilt caused by Phytophthora capsici. Finally a synergistic effect in promoting growth and reducing the severity of wilt was found on poblano chili plants, when inoculated with the CM mycorrhizal consortium and ABV02 or ABV39 strains of actinomycetes.

Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales. Facultad de Biología. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Facultad de Agrobiología. Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología. Programa Institucional de Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas

Keywords

Hongos micorrízicos, HMA, Antagonismo, IIAF-M-2015-0534, info:eu-repo/classification/cti/6

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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