Chronic endometritis is an inflammatory condition of the uterus and is characterized by the presence of plasma cells in the endometrium. This disorder may be discovered when an endometrial biopsy is performed to evaluate hormonal therapy, abnormal vaginal bleeding or other conditions. If the specific etiology of chronic endometritis (e.g., infection with Chlamydia trachomatis or a postpartum state) can be determined, appropriate treatment should be initiated. However, empiric treatment is often required, since the etiology of chronic endometritis frequently is unclear. Treatment consists of antimicrobial therapy and hormonal manipulation.