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In vitro culture of Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendt. (Orange Phenotype) from Costa Rica

Authors: Chacón-Cerdas, Randall; Flores-Mora, Dora María; Alvarado-Marchena, Luis; Schmidt-Durán, Alexander; Alvarado-Ulloa, Carlos;

In vitro culture of Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendt. (Orange Phenotype) from Costa Rica

Abstract

Tamarillo or tree tomato (Cyphomandra betacea), is a fruit plant of commercial importance in countries such as Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, where it is consumed as a fresh or processed fruit. Traditionally, it is grown through seeds or plant cuttings, leading to problems regarding heterogeneity and quality of the planting material. In this research, an in vitro micropropagation protocol was developed for a domestic tree tomato, from Costa Rica, and of the orange phenotype; which has considerable potential for its use in agroindustry and in agricultural diversification. Two different in vitro disinfection treatments were evaluated, with variations of 2,5% and 5,0% (a.i 75%) for Ca(ClO)2. Three in vitro multiplication treatments of the plant material with different growth regulators and MS salts (1962) concentrations, as well as six in vitro roo-ting treatments with various growth regulators and gelling agents were also tested. Through the study, it was established that the disinfection with 2,5% of Ca(ClO)2 was the best for in vitro establishment. Additionally, the research evidenced that the optimal micropropagation growth medium consisted of M1, comprised of 100% MS salts (1962), 3% sucrose, 1,8g/L of Phytagel®, 0,5mg/L de AG3, 0,25mg/L of BAP and 2,0 mg/L of PaCa; which presented the most adequate balance between the average number of budding/cutting and the average number of internode/cutting, without the excessive formation of callus. Meanwhile, the M5 growth medium, consisting of 100% MS salts (1962), 6,0g/L of agar, 3% sucrose and without any growth regulators, as well as the E6 growth medium, including 100% MS salts (1962), 8,0g/L of agar, 3% sucrose, and without growth regulators, both required a shorter period for root formation, a higher average number of roots, and in average longer stems and roots. 

El tomate de árbol (Cyphomandra betacea) es un frutal de importancia comercial en países como Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú, donde se consume como fruta fresca y procesada. Tradicionalmente, es propagado por semillas y estacas, y enfrenta problemas de heterogeneidad y calidad de material de siembra. En esta investigación se desarrolló un protocolo para la micropropagación in vitro del tomate de árbol criollo del fenotipo naranja, proveniente de Costa Rica, el cual presenta potencial para la diversificación agrícola y la agroindustria. Se evaluaron dos tratamientos de desinfección in vitro con variaciones en la concentración del Ca(ClO)2 2,5% y 5,0% (i.a 75%), tres tratamientos para la multiplicación in vitro del material con diferentes reguladores de crecimiento y concentración de sales MS (1962), y seis tratamientos para el enraizamiento in vitro con diversos reguladores de crecimiento y gelificantes. Se determinó que la desinfección con 2,5% de Ca(ClO)2 fue la mejor para el establecimiento in vitro; el mejor medio de cultivo para la micropropagación del material fue el M1, compuesto por sales MS(1962) al 100%, sacarosa al 3%, phytagel® 1,8g/L, 0,5mg/L de AG3, 0,25mg/L de BAP y 2,0 mg/L de PaCa, el cual presentó el mejor balance entre el número promedio de brotación/explante y el número promedio de entrenudos/explante, sin formación excesiva de callo, mientras que el medio de cultivo E5, constituido por sales MS(1962) al 100%, agar 6,0g/L y sacarosa al 3%, sin reguladores del crecimiento y el medio de cultivo E6, que incluía las sales MS(1962) al 100%, agar 8,0g/L y sacarosa al 3%, sin reguladores del crecimiento, mostraron el periodo más corto para la formación de raíces, el mayor número promedio de raíces y la mayor longitud promedio de raíz y tallo. 

Country
Costa Rica
Related Organizations
Keywords

enraizamiento in vitro, establecimiento in vitro, multiplicación in vitro, Cyphomandra betacea, Cyphomandra betacea; in vitro establishment; in vitro multiplication; in vitro rooting, in vitro establishment, in vitro rooting, Cyphomandra betacea; establecimiento in vitro; multiplicación in vitro; enraizamiento in vitro, in vitro multiplication

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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