Odškodninska odgovornost je vrsta obligacijskega razmerja, v katerem je en subjekt razmerja (odgovorna oseba) dolžan povrniti povzročeno škodo drugemu subjektu (oškodovancu), ta pa je upravičen zahtevati takšno povrnitev. Da bi odškodninska odgovornost sploh nastala, morajo nastopiti določena pravna dejstva, na katera pravo veže obveznost povrniti nastalo škodo. Takšno obveznost imenujemo odškodninska obveznost. Odškodninsko odgovornost delimo na poslovno (pogodbeno) in neposlovno (nepogodbeno). Pogodbena odškodninska odgovornost je odgovornost za škodo, ki nastane, kadar stranka prekrši določeno pogodbeno obveznost, neposlovna odškodninska odgovornost pa se pojavi med strankama, ki v času nastanka škode nista v pravno-poslovnem razmerju. V nadaljevanju členimo neposlovno odškodninsko odgovornost na krivdno (subjektivno), torej odgovornost, ki nastane na podlagi krivde kot predpostavke za odgovornost, in objektivno odškodninsko odgovornost, kjer nastane odgovornost ne glede na krivdo. V diplomskem delu v uvodnem delu predstavljam osnovne značilnosti odškodninske odgovornosti, njeno delitev, v nadaljevanju pa podrobneje razdelam neposlovno odškodninsko odgovornost in kot primer za analizo s pomočjo sodne prakse uporabim odgovornost za škodo od nevarne stvari ali nevarne dejavnosti ter se ukvarjam z vprašanjem, ali sta pravna standarda nevarna stvar in nevarna dejavnost bolj predmet urejanja zakonodaje ali prakse sodišč.

Damage liability is a type of obligation in which one entity of relationship (responsible person) is obliged to compensate the damage caused to another entity (the victim) and that a victim is entitled to require such reimbursement. In order to talk about damage liability or tort, certain legal facts must arise to which the law binds an obligation to compensate the damage. Such obligations called for compensation liability. Torts are divided into commercial (contract) and non-commercial (non-contractual) torts. Contractual damage liability is a liability for damage that occurs when a contractual party breaches a contractual obligation. Non-business damage liability occurs between the parties at the time of injury that are not in a legal business relationship. Later I define non-commercial damage liability as fault-based (subjective) as liability is arising on the base of guilt as the assumption of responsibility and objective damage liability which arises from liability regardless to fault. In the thesis from the introductory section I present basic characteristics of the liability and its division into non-commercial torts, as an example for analysis through case law, and the use of damage liability for dangerous things or dangerous activities that deals with the questions whether the legal standards of dangerous things and a dangerous activities are more of a subject matter of legislation or court practice.