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Revistas científicas UCV
Article . 2006
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Contracepción de emergencia.

Authors: Aznar Lucea, Justo;

Contracepción de emergencia.

Abstract

Un importante problema social son los embarazos de adolescentes, alrededor de 15 millones al año en el mundo. Para tratar de solucionar este problema se han propuesto diversas alternativas, entre ellas, la contracepción de emergencia. Se entiende por tal la utilización de fármacos o mecanismos diversos para evitar un embarazo después de una relación sexual esporádica. Desde un punto ético, los aspectos de mayor interés a valorar en relación con la contracepción de emergencia son: a) su efi cacia, b) su mecanismo de acción, c) sus efectos secundarios y d) las consecuencias sociales de su uso. En esta revisión se valoran cada uno de estos aspectos. Su efi cacia es de alrededor del 80%. En relación con su mecanismo de acción parece razonable afi rmar que en un porcentaje de veces no inferior al 50% actúa por un mecanismo antiimplantatorio y, por tanto, abortivo. Con respecto a sus efectos secundarios un 50% aproximadamente de las usuarias los presentan, aunque en general no son importantes. Finalmente, parece que con la instauración de la contracepción de emergencia no se ha conseguido reducir el número de embarazos de adolescentes y tampoco el de abortos, por lo que no sería una actitud incongruente el revisar los programas desarrollados para de solucionar estos problemas. En este sentido, parece que aquellos que introducen en los mismos un apartado de educación de la sexualidad obtienen resultados más positivos.

One important social problem is teenage pregnancies, estimated at around 15 million a year worldwide. Various alternatives to solve this problem have been proposed, among them emergency contraception. Emergency contraception is understood as the use of drugs or different mechanisms to avoid pregnancy after a sporadic sexual relationship. From an ethical point of view, the most interesting aspects to assess as far as emergency contraception is concerned are: a) its effi ciency, b) its mechanism of action, c) its side effects and d) the social consequences of its use. This article assesses all these aspects. It offers an effi ciency of around 80%. As regards its mechanism of action, it is reasonable to affi rm that it acts through an anti-implantation mechanism in a percentage no lower than 50%, and is therefore abortive. In relation to its side effects, approximately 50% of users suffer them, although they are not generally signifi cant. Finally, it would appear that the establishment of emergency contraception has neither succeeded in reducing the number of teenage pregnancies nor the number of abortions. Therefore, it would not be incongruous to revise the projects devised to solve such problems. In this sense, those projects which include a section on sexuality education apparently obtain more positive results.

Medicina

Country
Spain
Keywords

Embarazos de adolescentes, Emergency contraception, Unwanted pregnancy, 3104.11 Reproducción, 3109.08 Farmacología, Abortos de adolescentes, Abortion, Píldora del día después, Pill after day, Contracepción de emergencia, 71 Ética

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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