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Rodos Şövalyeleri

Authors: Çeler, Şahin;

Rodos Şövalyeleri

Abstract

The Knights of Rhodes is the name given to the order also known as The Hospitaller or the Knights of the Saint John, which was established in Jerusalem as a charitable organization, after their settlement on the island of Rhodes after their departure from the holy lands. The knowledge about the locality provided by the Order to the Christian pilgrims and the role of a charitable foundation by the end of the XIth century helped them to receive large donations. As a result, they grew very fast in terms of human resources and material wealth, enabling the organization to build fortifications and provide a steady source of soldiers. Consequently, they became indispensable for the Papacy in its effort of crusade. Moreover, the order was responsible only against the Papacy. By means of the policies they implemented, they achieved great effectiveness both in the holy lands and on the island of Rhodes after the loss of the holy lands. Their ability to quickly adapt to changing circumstances and balance of power helped them not only to survive, for a short period, firstly in Akka and later on on the island of Rhodes after they lost their first headquarters in Jerusalem in 1187, but also to sustain their independent rule in the Eastern Mediterreanean for two hundred years as the last Catholic Christian formation until the conquest of the island by the Ottomans in 1522. Their 200 year long rule over the island may also be considered as the apogee of their strength, due in part to the geographic location of Rhodes.

Rodos Şövalyeleri, Haçlı Seferleri öncesi Kudüs'de kurulmuş yardımsever bir kuruluş olan Hospitaller yada St. Jean Şövalyeleri diye adlandırılan tarikatın, kutsal topraklardan ayrılıp Rodos'a yerleştiklerinde aldıkları isimdir. Tarikatın, XI. yy. sonlarında Kutsal topraklara gelen Haçlılara bölge hakkında sunduğu mahalli bilgiler ve yardım teşkilatı rolü onlara büyük hibeler verilmesini sağladı. Bu şekilde insan gücü ve maddi varlık olarak hızla büyüyen bu oluşum, Papalığa maddi yük bindirmeden savaşacak insan ikmali ve müstehkem mevkii inşaları yapabiliyordu, buda onları Papalığın vazgeçilmezi yaptı. Üstelik bu tarikat sadece Papalığa karşı sorumluydu. İzledikleri siyaset sayesinde, gerek kutsal topraklarda gerekse kutsal toprakların kaybından sonra Rodos'da büyük etkinlik gösterdiler. Değişen dengelere hızlı ayak uydurabilme yetenekleri, ilk karargahları Kudüs'ün 1187'de kaybı üzerine bir müddet Akka'da ardından da kısa bir süre sonra zirve dönemlerini yaşayacakları Rodos'ta ayakta kalmalarını sağlamakla kalmadı, Rodos'un coğrafi konumunun da etkisiyle 1522'de ada Osmanlı Sultanlığı tarafından alınana kadar, tarikat yaklaşık 200 yıl, en son Katolik Hristiyan oluşumu olarak kimseye hesap vermeden Doğu Akdeniz'de hüküm sürdü.

81

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

Rhodes, Tarih, History, Rhodes Island, Religious orders, Crusaders, Rodos, Crusades, Hospitaller, Haçlılar, Chivalric, Şövalyeler, Knights

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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