The article was devoted to the presentation and analysis of the essential part of Polish disputes on the understanding of communism — the discussion on the justification to interpret the conception of communism as utopia. In the discussion the author distinguishes three planes of considerations. The first one is a criticism of utopian socialism with simultaneous providing of Marxism with qualities of the scientific examination of social reality. The second plane of discussion concerns the solution of the problem of the possible utopianism of communism. In the third plane the problem of the utopianism of communism is undertaken only indirectly. The main subject of interest of the author is the analysis of the second of the distinguished planes leading to separating seven essential attitudes taken by Polish Marxists undertaking the problem of the utopianism of communism.