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Inflamació i aterosclerosi

Authors: Tous Màrquez, Mònica;

Inflamació i aterosclerosi

Abstract

Atherosclerosis, the main cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), is an inflammatory disease. It is commonly accepted that chronic inflammation, as observed in periodontal disease,lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or chronic bronchitis, contributes to higher mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease. However, experiments are needed to ascertain the long-term effects of chronic inflammation and the effect of anti-inflammatory agents onthe development and progression of atherosclerosis. It has been suggested that the use of antiinflamatory drugs could offer new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of CAD.Previous studies indicate the efficacy of aspirin and other antiplatelet drugs in reducing the risk of a serious vascular event, such as nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke or death from vascular diseases. These effects have been demonstrated using low-dose aspirin resulting in the permanent inactivation of a key platelet enzyme, cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) that mainly catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into tromboxane A2 (TXA2), resulting in lower levels of TXA2, thus inhibits platelet aggregation. Higher levels of aspirin are needed to inhibit COX-2 than to inhibit COX-1. Vascular prostacyclin (PGI2) is derived predominantly from COX-2 and is less susceptible to inhibition by low doses of aspirin. Previous studies have shown that short-term administration of high doses of aspirin reduces the atherosclerotic lesion size in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. However, to date it has not been studied the effect of long-term administration of high doses of aspirin in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.The results presented in this thesis show that long-term administration of high doses of aspirin does not attenuate the progressi

L'aterosclerosi, és una malaltia inflamatòria. S'ha demostrat que una inflamació crònica, tal com la malaltia periodontal, el lupus eritomatòs, l'artritis reumatoide o la bronquitis crònica contribueixen a una major mortalitat i morbiditat per malaltia cardiovascular. Malgrat aquests coneixements no es disposa de cap dada que demostri els efectes a llarg termini d'un procés inflamatori crònic així com quin paper podrien tindre determinats agents antiinflamatoris en el desenvolupament i progressió de l'aterosclerosi. Diversos estudis suggereixen que l'ús de determinats fàrmacs antiinflamatoris podria constituïr una eina eficaç per al tractament de l'aterosclerosi. De fet, els resultats d'estudis previs han demostrat la utilitat de l'aspirina com a antiagregant plaquetari en l'infart de miocardi i en l'angina de pit. En pacients amb aquests problemes, l'aspirina disminueix la incidència d'episodis isquèmics i la mortalitat. Aquests efectes beneficiosos s'observen amb dosis baixes d'aspirina i resultant en una disminució en la quantitat de tromboxà produït a nivell de les plaquetes i per tant, inhibint l'agregació plaquetària. Tanmateix, dosis elevades d'àcid acetilsalicílic inhibeixen l'activitat de la COX-1 i de la COX-2 i per tant, s'inhibeix també la síntesi de les prostaglandines i prostaciclina, molècules amb una elevada activitat proinflamatòria. Estudis previs han demostrat que l'administració d'altes dosis d'aspirina tenen un efecte beneficiós en l'aterogènesi a curt termini en el ratolí deficient en apo E. Malgrat aquests resultats, no hi ha cap dada que evidencii els efectes de l'administració d'altes dosis d'aspirina en el ratolí deficient en apo E a llarg termini. Els resultats que s'exposen en aquesta tesi doctoral demostren que l'administració d'altes dosis

Country
Spain
Keywords

61, inflamació, apolipoproteïna E, colesterol, 616.1, aterosclerosi, 616.1 - Patologia del sistema circulatori, dels vasos sanguinis. Trastorns cardiovasculars, 61 - Medicina

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green