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Hindistan eğitim sistemi

Authors: COŞKUN, Başak;

Hindistan eğitim sistemi

Abstract

One of the main educational policies in India, as one of the biggest countries in the World, is to provide equal educational opportunities to all and create conditions for the minorities to benefit from education protecting their cultural heritage. Massive land of India influences the education such that the administration of education is semi-federative. The eight- year elementary education is compulsory and the school education is graded as 5+3+2+2. Schooling rate is below 90% in elementary education and 66% in secondary. India has one of the largest tertiary education system in the world and tertiary education is free, supported by the Republic. Educational curriculum is a flexible one, composed of a core curriculum with selective courses differing according to the region. Teacher and school administrator selection and appointment procedures and their rights vary from state to state even from district to district. Education is evaluated by means of numerous school based and national exams. Education is financed together with the central government and the state governments, and the rate of the financial supoort each provides changes according to the school levels. Although its low rank in development indexes, India has a great educational power with its tertiary education potential.

Dünya’daki en büyük ülkelerden biri olan Hindistan’ın eğitim sisteminin temel politikalarından biri herkese eşit eğitim imkânı ve azınlıkların kendi kültürlerine göre bir eğitimden yararlanma hakkı sunmaktır. Hindistan’ın geniş coğrafyası eğitim yönetimi yarı-federal bir yapılanma yönünde etkilemiştir. Okul eğitimi ilk sekiz yılı zorunlu olmak üzere 5+3+2+2 şeklinde yapılandırılmıştır. İlköğretimde okullaşma oranı %90’ın altındadır, bu oran ortaöğretim kademesinde %66’dır. Hindistan en büyük yükseköğretim hacmine sahip ülkelerden biridir ve büyük oranda devlet tarafından finanse edilen kurumlarda sunulmaktadır. Hindistan’da eğitim programları çekirdek bir program üzerine farklı bölgelerdeki ihtiyaçlara göre derslerin belirlenip eklendiği esnek bir programdır. Gerek öğretmen gerekse yönetici atama biçimleri ve hakları eyaletler ve bölgelere göre değişmektedir. Eğitim okul düzeyinde ve ulusal düzeyde çok çeşitli sınavlarla değerlendirilmektedir. Eğitimin finansmanı merkez hükümet ve eyalet hükümetlerinin katılımıyla sağlanmaktayken, eğitim düzeyine göre harcama oranları değişmektedir. Gelişmişlik düzeyi olarak sıralamaların altında olsa da özellikle yükseköğretim kapasitesiyle eğitim Hindistan için büyük bir güçtür.

Country
Turkey
Keywords

Eğitim, Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar, Süreç, Studies on Education, Yapı, Hindistan, Politika, eğitim;Hindistan;politka;süreç;yapı, education;India;policy;procedure;structure

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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