Recurrent multifocal periostosis of childhood is an infrequent disease. All cases reported to date have been sporadic. A familial form affecting three siblings is reported herein. Clinical and biologic features were similar to those described in the previously reported cases. This case is of particular interest for two reasons: 1) the pattern of familial clustering suggests autosomal recessive transmission; 2) repeated CT scans were performed in these patients (but not in previously reported cases) and demonstrated early involvement of the three bone layers, suggesting panostosis rather than periostosis.