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Çargah makamında taksim yapılırken şube kuruluşları

Authors: Çelik, İlker Hasan;

Çargah makamında taksim yapılırken şube kuruluşları

Abstract

SUMMARY Azerbaijan folk Music has seven makam. Çargâh ma¬ kam is öne of them. As a word, Çargâh meanings are four directions. (East, West, North, South) world and fourth note. it is knovm in Anatolia Music that Çargâh Makam has `DO MAJÖR` notes, doesn't have sharp ör low notes, it becomes by *V».* gathering Çargâh dörtlüsü and Çargâh beşlisi. This makam doesn't have any similarity with another. Çargâh makam which is in Azeri Music. We can explain our emotions and passions vvith this makam. Çargâh makam's voice line is formulated as 1/2 + l + 1/2 + 1/2. Ali the notes which are in Çargâh Makam depend to Maye (Do note), serve., to make it's possition strong in the melody. - VII -Another notes names are : Mayenin alt kıvartası(Sol) Mayenin alt tersiyası(Lâb) Mayenin alt aparıcı tonu(Si) Maye (karar perdesi)(Do) Mayenin üst aparacı(Reb) Mayenin üst tersiyası(Mi) Mayenin top kıvartası(Fa) Mayenin kıvintası(Sol) Mayenin kıvintasının üstaparacı tonu (Lâb) Maye oktavının alt aparacı tonu(Si) The idoms Which are above, came from Latin Langu- age are used in Azerbaijan Language like that. We can evolain some words which arc ; Maye:First degree(Do) Tersiya:Third degree(Mi) Kıvarta:Fourth degree(Fa) Kıvinta:Fifth degree(Sol) Aparacition:Seventh degree(Si) in music `Taksim` is a name of melody which is played by instrument Without rythm. To'be able II to do `taksim` these special melodic notes are used : `Mayeyi Çargâh`, `Hasar`, `Muhalif`, `Manendi Muhalif`, `Bestenigâr`, `Mensuriye`. Çargâh Mokam has big oig musical compositions and it has been. devided into different branches, beside it's charac- teristic speciality. The biggest speciality of Çargâh - VIII -Makam is to feel humeri - being all kind of sensations. By using this makam, if we compose a song, we can explain our emotions and passions. It is known that Çargâh Makam gives emotion and passion sensations by psychological effectiveness that is why it's obvious, in which kind of subjects Çargâh Makam is used. It is enough to see some difficult song examples to realize it's character. Çargâh Makam is one of the makam of seven main makams of Azerbaijan Folk Music. These seven makams (Rast Çargâh, Şüşter, Hümayun, Şur, Segah, Bayati - Şiraz) had been studied each tone of the twelve scale and 84 makam had been found. Except these seven makam there are many makams, like, Şehnaz, Sarenç, Bayati Kürdi, Hicaz, Gatar and the number of them are about 70. In Anatolian Music, it is known that Çargâh Makam has Do Major notes, it doesn't have flat and sharp, voice and it consist of Çargâh fifth and Çargâh fourth. This makam doesn' t have any similarity whith Çargâh Makam which is in Azerî Folk Music. Starting note of Çargâh Makam is `DO` note. This note is `DO` thread in the first octave in TAR which is an. Azerbaijan instrument. This note is either the yellov string (middle string) or white string (bottom) string. Our aim is to be able do a `taksim` by gathering one or a few of these melodic notes, that is why we examine these. - IX -By gathering these special melodic notes `Taksim` can be done : Mayeyi Çargâh + Bestenigâr, Mayeyi Çargâh + Mensuriye, Mayeyi Çargâh + Mensuriye + Bestenigâr. We can give more examples. Our Taksim model is Mayeyi Çargâh + Mensuriye + Bestenigâr. Some books which are about Çargâh Makam : Arel, H.Sadeddin, Türk Musikisi Nazariyatı Dersleri, Hüsnü Tabiat Matbaası., İstanbul, 1968. DEVELİO?LU, Ferit, Osmanlıca Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lügat Doğuş Lim.Şti. Matbaası., Ankara 1970. ORHANBEYLİ, 0., Tar Tedrisinin Metodikası Işık Neşriyatı., Baku, 1976. ÖNALDI, M. Şenel, Türk Musikisinde kompozisyon, Tahlil ve Makam Nazariyatı, İstanbul, 1983. ÖNALDI, M. Şenel, Bant, Kaset, Nota ve Plâk arşivi RÜSTEMOV, Seyid, Tar Mektebi., Baku, 1974. These books have been useful for me to write this thesis. - X -

ÖZET Azerbaycan Halk Musikisindeki yedi esas makamdan biri de `ÇARGÂH` makamıdır. Çargâh kelime olarak dört taraf (Doğu, Batı, Ku¬ zey, Güney), dünya ve dördüncü perde anlamlarına gelmek¬ tedir. Anadolu Musikisinde ise de Do Majör dizisini ih¬ tiva eden yani kaba Çargâh perdesinde karar veren çıkıcı arıza almayan, Çargâh beşlisinin tiz tarafına Çargâh dörtlüsünün eklenmesiyle meydana gelen bir makam olarak bilinmektedir. Bu makam ile Azeri Musikisindeki `Çargâh` Makamının,dizi bakımından hiç bir birlik ve beraberliği yoktur. Heyecan ve ihtiraslarımızı bu makamla ifade ede¬ riz. Çargâh Makamı ses sırası 1/2 +11/2+ 1/2+1/2 formülü ile kurulur. Çargâh Makamının ses sırasındaki bütün perdeleri `Mayeye` (Do perdesi) bağımlıdır. Bu perdelerin tümü `Mayeye` hizmet eder ve onun melodideki durumunu kuvvetlendirir. - V -Diğer perdelerin isimleri şöyledir : Mayenin alt kıvartası(Sol) Mayenin alt tersiyası(Lab) Mayenin alt aparıcı tonu(Si) Maye (karar perdesi)(Do) Mayenin üst aparacı(Reb) Mayenin üst tersiyası(Mi) Mayenin üsk kıvartası(Fa) Mayenin kıvıntası(Sol) Mayenin kıvıntasının üst aparacı tonu(Lab) Maye oktavının alt aparacı tonu(Si) Maye : Karar Perdesi(Do) Tersiya 3. derece(Mi) Kıvarta : 4. derece(Fa) Kıvınta : 5. derece(Sol) Aparacı ton : 7. derece(Si) `Çargâh` Makamında taksim yapabilmek için şu şu¬ beler kullanılır : `Mayeyi Çargah`, `Hasar`, `Muhalif`, `Manendi Muhalif`, `Bestenigâr`, `Mensuriye`. Bu şubeleri incelememizin amacı bir ya da birkaçı¬ nı biraraya getirerek taksim yapabilmektir. Bunlardan `Mayeyi Çargâh` + `Bestenigâr` biraraya getirilerek bir taksim yapılabilir. `Mayeyi Çargâh` + `Mensuriye` bira¬ raya getirilerek bir taksim yapılabilir. `Mayeyi Çargâh` + `Mensuriye` + `Bestenigâr` biraraya getirilerek bir taksim yapılabilir. Bu örnekler daha da artırılabilir. Bizim taksim modelimiz şöyledir : `Mayeyi Çargâh` + `Mensuriye` + `Bestenigâr`. - VI - -

45

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

Azerbaycan, Azerbaijan, Fine Arts, Modes, Çargah makamı, Çargah mode, Makamlar, Güzel Sanatlar, Müzik, Music, Folk music, Halk müziği

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