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Fitoterápicos padronizados para o tratamento de doenças crônicas: Rhizophora mangle

Authors: Mesquita, Leonardo Mendes de Souza;

Fitoterápicos padronizados para o tratamento de doenças crônicas: Rhizophora mangle

Abstract

As espécies vegetais contendo substâncias bioativas são, cada vez mais, objeto de pesquisas, levando a alternativas para tratamentos terapêuticos ou revelando substâncias que posteriormente possam ser exploradas com o intuito de produzir fármacos. Estudos de plantas são de grande importância, em razão do vasto número de metabólitos secundários que podem ser encontrados. Eles têm cada vez mais atraído a atenção da sociedade, mostrando-se uma fonte alternativa aos altos custos dos medicamentos alopáticos. Mas, para que as plantas sejam usadas com eficácia e segurança, são necessários estudos multidisciplinares. A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária e o Ministério da Saúde aprovaram o uso de 71 plantas medicinais no tratamento contra diabetes, úlceras, inflamações e outras doenças crônicas. Contudo, essa é uma lista ainda limitada, pois várias espécies não são disponíveis o ano todo e/ou nas várias regiões do Brasil. Em contrapartida, Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae, popularmente conhecida como mangue vermelho) é uma espécie que ocorre no Brasil desde o Pará até Santa Catarina. É comumente utilizada pelas populações tradicionais costeiras, principalmente para o tratamento de diabetes, hemorroidas, analgesia e dores estomacais. Recentemente, nosso grupo de pesquisa verificou que o extrato acetônico das cascas de R. mangle possui atividades antioxidante e antiulcerogênica, e é eficaz no tratamento da colite experimental. Contudo, foi realizada apenas uma avaliação preliminar da composição química das cascas. Por isso, este trabalho abordou o estudo químico de R. mangle, enfatizando o estudo das cascas. Desenvolvemos estratégias analíticas baseadas em espectrometria de massas utilizando as técnicas de Electrospray-Ion Trap e Maldi-TOF, as quais permitiram a padronização qualitativa do extrato ativo. Como resultado, identificamos a presença de taninos condensados possuindo de 2 a 12 unidades de catequinas. Além disso, investigamos a atividade desse extrato no tratamento da obesidade e como anti-inflamatório, obtendo resultados promissores. Esses resultados fornecem subsídeos para o melhor entendimento das atividades farmacológicas previamente observadas.

Plant species containing bioactive compounds are continuously being investigated, in order to search for alternative therapeutic treatments. These studies can reveal substances that can be explored in order to produce new drugs. Investigation of plants are of great importance, because of the large amounts of secondary metabolites that can be found. They have increasingly attracted the attention of the society, proving to be an alternative source to the high costs of allopathic medicines. However, multidisciplinary studies are necessary to ensure that plants are used with effectively and safety. The National Sanitary Surveillance Agency and the Ministry of Health have approved 71 medicinal plants to be used against diabetes, ulcers, inflammation and other chronic diseases. However, this list is still limited because several species are not available year-round and/or in the various regions of Brazil. In contrast, Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae, popularly known as red mangrove) is a Brazilian species that occurs from Pará to Santa Catarina. It is commonly used by traditional coastal populations, mainly for the treatment of diabetes, hemorrhoids, analgesia and stomach pains. Recently, our research group verified that the acetone extract of R. mangle barks has antioxidant and antiulcerogenic activities and it is also effective in the treatment of the experimental colitis. However, only a preliminary evaluation of the chemical composition of the barks was previously carried out. Thus, this work deals with the chemical study of R. mangle, emphasizing the study of barks. We developed analytical strategies based on Electrospray- Ion trap mass spectrometry as well as MALTI-TOF techniques that allowed the qualitative standardization of the active extract. As a result, we could identify a sequence of condensed tannins with polymerization degree from 2 to 12. Besides, we tested this extract to treat obesity and as anti-inflammatory, with promising results.These results allowed us to better understant the farmacological activities observed.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Aquática - São Vicente

Processo FAPESP: 2014/23951-3

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Fitoterapia, Espectrometria de massas, Diabetes, Catequinas, Analgesia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green