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La protonterapia en el tratamiento del cáncer: evaluación de la seguridad, eficacia y efectividad clínicas, y eficiencia

Authors: Giralt López de Sagredo, Jordi; Gomà, Carles; Pedraza Fernández, Sara; Pérez-Regadera, Jose Fermin; Estrada-Sabadell, Maria-Dolors; Moltó-Puigmartí, Carolina; Vivanco-Hidalgo, Rosa Maria; +1 Authors

La protonterapia en el tratamiento del cáncer: evaluación de la seguridad, eficacia y efectividad clínicas, y eficiencia

Abstract

En España, el cáncer es una de las principales causas de morbi-mortalidad, con los cánceres de colon y recto, mama, pulmón y próstata siendo los más comunes. El tratamiento del cáncer depende principalmente del tipo, localización y estadio del tumor, pero incluye en la mayoría de casos la radioterapia (RT), cirugía y/o quimioterapia. La RT tiene como objetivo destruir las células cancerosas con radiaciones ionizantes, principalmente fotones y electrones, preservando al máximo los tejidos sanos circundantes. En las últimas décadas, los tratamientos con RT se han optimizado gracias a avances en tecnologías de imagen y la utilización de hadrones (iones de carbono y protones), lo que ha mejorado el control tumoral y reducido la toxicidad asociada a los tratamientos. La protonterapia (PT), concretamente, utiliza radiación con protones para tratar los tumores, ofreciendo ventajas dosimétricas sobre la RT convencional con fotones. Los protones tienen el potencial de reducir el daño al tejido sano, siendo especialmente útiles en tumores pediátricos y tumores cercanos a órganos de riesgo. Actualmente hay dos centros privados de PT en España, y en el futuro próximo se planea la incorporación de once equipos más en centros públicos.

A Espanya, el càncer és una de les principals causes de morbimortalitat; el càncer de còlon i recte, mama, pulmó i pròstata són els més comuns. El tractament del càncer depèn principalment del tipus, la localització i l’estadi del tumor, però inclou en la majoria dels casos radioteràpia (RT), cirurgia o quimioteràpia. La RT té com a objectiu destruir les cèl·lules canceroses amb radiacions ionitzants, principalment fotons i electrons, preservant al màxim els teixits sans circumdants. En les últimes dècades, els tractaments amb RT s’han optimitzat gràcies als avenços en tecnologies d’imatge i la utilització d’hadrons (ions de carboni i protons), cosa que ha millorat el control tumoral i ha reduït la toxicitat associada als tractaments. La prototeràpia (PT), concretament, utilitza radiació amb protons per tractar els tumors i ofereix avantatges dosimètrics en comparació amb la RT convencional amb fotons. Els protons tenen el potencial de reduir els danys al teixit sa i són especialment útils en tumors pediàtrics i tumors situats a prop d’òrgans de risc. Actualment hi ha dos centres privats de PT a Espanya i, en un futur pròxim, es planteja la incorporació d’onze equips més en centres públics.

Cancer is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Spain; the most common types of cancer are colon and rectum, breast, lung and prostate. Cancer treatment depends largely on the type, location and stage of the tumour, but in most cases includes radiotherapy (RT), surgery and/or chemotherapy. RT aims to destroy cancer cells with ionising radiation (photons and electrons, mainly) while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues as much as possible. In recent decades, RT treatments have been optimised by the advances in imaging technologies and the use of hadrons (carbon ions and protons), which have improved tumour control and reduced the toxicity associated with the treatments. Proton therapy (PT) uses proton radiation to treat tumours, offering dosimetric advantages over conventional photon RT. Protons have the potential to reduce the damage to healthy tissue, being especially useful in paediatric tumours and tumours close to organs at risk. There are currently two private PT centres in Spain, and there are plans to incorporate another eleven units in public centres in the near future.

Cancer; Proton therapy; Radiotherapy

Càncer; Prontoteràpia; Radioteràpia

Cáncer; Protonterapia; Radioterapia

Keywords

DISEASES::Neoplasms, Protons - Ús terapèutic, ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT::Therapeutics::Radiotherapy::Heavy Ion Radiotherapy::Proton Therapy, ENFERMEDADES::neoplasias, Radioteràpia, TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS::terapéutica::radioterapia, TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS::terapéutica::radioterapia::radioterapia con iones pesados::terapia con protones, Càncer, ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT::Therapeutics::Radiotherapy

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Cancer Research