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La iconografía mariana ha quedado reflejada en la poesía hispánica medieval de muchas maneras: desde versos que describen a la Virgen y sus atributos hasta conceptos teológicos y mariológicos expresados plásticamente mediante formas retóricas. Por ejemplo, el jardín y las flores como ornamentos y símbolos personales de Santa María, o bien la imagen de la luz a través de un cristal o una ventana de vidrio en escenas de la Anunciación –con abundantes testimonios pictóricos en el arte medieval–, se encuentran en la poesía en forma de descripciones simbólicas de diversa extensión y género y, por otro lado, de advocaciones marianas o tópicos mariológicos (Ave/Eva, Flos, Hortus, Radix-Virga, Regina, Stella). Este artículo propone, pues, un estudio de conjunto y comparativo de algunos de estos procedimientos, concentrándose en las Cantigas de Santa María del rey Alfonso X. En este sentido, las figuras retóricas, como herramientas que tienden un puente entre lo pictórico y lo poético, dirigen necesariamente la lectura hacia una interpretación simbólica proporcionada por la figuración o typologia, tal como la ha postulado Erich Auerbach para la textualidad medieval. En última instancia, el valor sagrado de la imagen mariana (una herencia del arte icónico bizantino) se representa también en los milagros de las Cantigas de Santa María, obra maestra que evidencia una fuerte influencia de la doctrina iconodúlica.
Marian iconography has been reflected in medieval Hispanic poetry in many ways, ranging from verses that describe the Virgin and her attributes to theological and mariological concepts expressed plastically by means of rhetorical forms. For example, the garden and the flowers as Holy Mary’s personal ornaments and symbols, or the image of light through a crystal or a glass window in the scenes of the Annunciation –with rich pictorial evidence throughout medieval art–, are present in poetry as symbolic descriptions of various extensions and genre, and, on the other hand, as Marian advocations or mariological tópoi as well (Ave/Eva, Flos, Hortus, Radix-Virga, Regina, Stella). Therefore, this paper proposes a general survey and a comparitive study on some of these procedures, focusing on King Alfonso X’s Cantigas de Santa Maria. In this sense, rhetorical figures, as tools that bridge the gap between the pictorial and the poetic, lead the reading towards a symbolic interpretation provided by the figuration or typologia, as postulated by Erich Auerbach for medieval textuality. Ultimately, the sacred value of Marian images (an inheritance of Byzantine iconic art) is represented also in the miracles of the Cantigas de Santa Maria, a masterpiece that shows a strong influence of the iconodulic doctrine.
Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales
poesía gallegoportuguesa, Iconografía medieval, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature, Galician-Portuguese poetry, Humanidades, Medieval iconography, figuras poéticas, Poetic figures, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.2, Figuras poéticas, Cantigas de Santa María, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6, Cantigas de Santa MarÃa, MariologÃa, PoesÃa gallegoportuguesa, Letras, Figuras poéticas, medieval iconography, Language and Literature, poetic figures, P, iconografía medieval, Mariology, filología hispánica, mariología, Poesía gallegoportuguesa, literatura española, Literatura, Mariología, IconografÃa medieval, mariology, PQ1-3999
poesía gallegoportuguesa, Iconografía medieval, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature, Galician-Portuguese poetry, Humanidades, Medieval iconography, figuras poéticas, Poetic figures, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.2, Figuras poéticas, Cantigas de Santa María, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6, Cantigas de Santa MarÃa, MariologÃa, PoesÃa gallegoportuguesa, Letras, Figuras poéticas, medieval iconography, Language and Literature, poetic figures, P, iconografía medieval, Mariology, filología hispánica, mariología, Poesía gallegoportuguesa, literatura española, Literatura, Mariología, IconografÃa medieval, mariology, PQ1-3999
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