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Article . 2019
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"Confiabilismo evolucionista" y respuestas "de principio" sobre nuestras capacidades cognitivas

Authors: Cormick, Claudio Javier;

"Confiabilismo evolucionista" y respuestas "de principio" sobre nuestras capacidades cognitivas

Abstract

En el presente trabajo, intentaremos exponer la oposición entre dos acercamientos al problema de la confiabilidad global de las capacidades cognitivas humanas, y una posible solución a tal conflicto. Por un lado, como señalaremos, existe un número de acercamientos que caen bajo el amplio nombre de “confiabilismo evolucionista” y de acuerdo con los cuales las razones de las que disponemos para creer en la confiabilidad de la cognición humana son de carácter empírico. A saber, el éxito adaptativo de nuestra especie en un medio biológico caracterizado por la supervivencia del más apto nos proporciona una razón para creer que nuestros mecanismos de formación de creencias rastrean la verdad; si no lo fueran, nos habríamos extinguido. Por otro lado, sin embargo, encontramos análisis –entre los cuales nos enfocaremos en el caso de Ernest Sosa– de acuerdo con los cuales la tesis de que nuestras capacidades cognitivas son confiables no puede estar apoyada empíricamente, y como tal ser contingente; por el contrario, estos análisis señalan que necesitamos presuponer —sin necesidad de prueba— que tales capacidades son confiables. Dado este conflicto entre una defensa “empírica” y una defensa “de principio” de nuestras capacidades cognitivas, consideraremos dos posibles objeciones contra la propuesta de Sosa e intentaremos responderlas.

In this work, we will try to state the opposition between two approaches to the problem of the overall reliability of human knowing capacities, and a possible solution to that conflict. On the one hand, as we will point out, there exist a number of approaches that fall under the broad term of “evolutionary reliabilism” and according to which the reasons that we have for believing in the reliability of human cognition are empirical in character. Namely, the adaptive success of our species in a biological environment characterised by the survival of the fittest provides us with a reason to believe that our belief-forming mechanisms are truth-tracking; if they were not, we would have gone extinct. On the other hand, nevertheless, we find analyses—of which we will focus on the case of Ernest Sosa—according to which the tenet that our knowing capacities are reliable cannot be empirically based, and thus contingent; on the contrary, they point out that we need to presuppose—without need of a proof—that such capacities are trustworthy. Given this conflict between an “empirical” defence and a defence “in principle” of our knowing capacities, we will consider two possible objections against Sosa’s proposal and try to answer them.

Fil: Cormick, Claudio Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas. - Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Filosófico. Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

CONFIABILIDAD, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.3, EPISTEMOLOGÍA, EVOLUCIONISMO, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6, COGNICIÓN, ERNEST SOSA

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green