
handle: 10902/37270
El cáncer de mama triple negativo (CMTN) representa un subtipo agresivo sin expresión de receptores hormonales ni de HER2, hecho que limita las opciones terapéuticas. La quimioterapia ha sido el pilar fundamental del tratamiento sistémico, aunque en los últimos años la inmunoterapia ha emergido como terapia prometedora. Este estudio retrospectivo analiza los resultados en términos de eficacia y tolerabilidad en 19 pacientes diagnosticadas de CMTN localizado o localmente avanzado, tratadas con quimioterapia e inmunoterapia neoadyuvante (pembrolizumab) en el Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla entre 2024 y 2025. Se evalúan las respuestas, las toxicidades y la supervivencia. El 63,2% de los tumores alcanzaron respuesta patológica completa (RCP), comparable a los resultados del ensayo clínico KEYNOTE-522. Las toxicidades más frecuentes fueron hematológicas y gastrointestinales, mayoritariamente de grado leve-moderado, destacando el bajo número de efectos inmunomediados. Con una mediana de seguimiento de 16,4 meses, no se registraron recaídas ni fallecimientos. Estos datos apoyan la seguridad y eficacia de la combinación quimio-inmunoterapia en el abordaje preoperatorio del CMTN, reforzando su implementación clínica en estadios tempranos de alto riesgo
Triple-negative breast cancer represents an aggressive subtype lacking expression of hormonal receptors and HER2, limiting therapeutic options. Chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of systemic treatment, although in recent years immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapy. This retrospective study analyzes the efficacy and tolerability outcomes of 19 patients diagnosed with localized or locally advanced TNBC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy (pembrolizumab) at the Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital between 2024 and 2025. Responses, toxicities, and survival were evaluated. A pathological complete response was achieved in 63.2% of patients, comparable to results from the KEYNOTE-522 clinical trial. The most frequent adverse effects were hematological and gastrointestinal, mostly mild to moderate in severity, with a low incidence of immune-related events. After a median follow-up of 16.4 months, no relapses or deaths were reported. These findings support the safety and efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy combinations in the preoperative management of high-risk earlystage TNBC, reinforcing their clinical adoption.
Grado en Medicina
Pathological complete response, Triple-negative breast cancer, Respuesta patológica completa, Cáncer de mama triple negativo, Inmunoterapia, Immunotherapy, Pembrolizumab, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, Quimioterapia neoadyuvante
Pathological complete response, Triple-negative breast cancer, Respuesta patológica completa, Cáncer de mama triple negativo, Inmunoterapia, Immunotherapy, Pembrolizumab, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, Quimioterapia neoadyuvante
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