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Novos materiais para concentradores solares luminescentes

Authors: Alves, Sónia Isabel Torres;

Novos materiais para concentradores solares luminescentes

Abstract

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um novo material para a aplicação em concentradores solares luminescentes. Nesta perspetiva, estudou-se as energias de ligação, frequências e orbitais, HOMO e LUMO, por intermédio de métodos teóricos como o método Hartree-Fock e DFT. Em termos laboratoriais, foi sintetizado um complexo de európio e incorporado numa matriz polimérica de PMMA. O polímero, em causa, foi resultado de uma purificação de um resíduo industrial, tendo como comparação o PMMA comercial. Para além disso, estudou-se o efeito da utilização de radiação micro-ondas para o aquecimento do meio reacional para a dissolução do polímero num solvente verde, PEG 400. A purificação do PMMA foi conseguida com uma eficiência de cerca de 91%, ou seja, consistiu numa etapa bem-sucedida apesar de se verificar algumas perdas entre as transferências durante todo o processo, por exemplo. O aquecimento por micro-ondas levou a uma redução do tempo de dissolução e, ainda, foi possível conferir uma diferença nos distintos tipos de polímero. Assim, verificou-se que a dissolução do PMMA comercial exigiu menos tempo para uma dissolução completa, contrariamente ao PMMA residual que necessitou de mais tempo de dissolução e esta não foi considerada completa. Em relação ao complexo incorporado no polímero constatou-se uma melhoria significativa na intensidade quando o polímero usado era o PMMA residual. Por fim, os cálculos teóricos efetuados demonstraram que não ocorre uma substituição do grupo Phen-CN pela cadeira polimérica de PMMA. Também foi registado que a orbital HOMO está associada ao ligando DBM ao passo que a orbital LUMO relaciona-se com o ligando Phen-CN. Assim, a transferência de um eletrão ocorre do ligando DBM para o ligando Phen-CN

This dissertation aims to develop a new material for application in luminescent solar concentrators. In this perspective, it was studied the blinding energies, frequencies and orbitals, HOMO and LUMO, through theoretical methods such as the Hartree-Fock and DFT method. As experimental work, a europium complex was synthesized and incorporated into a polymeric matrix of PMMA. The polymer, in question, was the result of the purification of an industrial waste, and it was compared with commercial PMMA. Furthermore, the effect of the use of microwave to heat the reaction medium to dissolve the polymer in a green solvent, PEG 400, was studied. The purification of the PMMA was achieved with about 91%, that is, it was a successful step, although there were some losses between transfers during the entire process, for example. Microwave heating led to a reduction in the dissolution time and it is also possible to see a difference in the different types of polymer. Thus, it does not appear that the dissolution of the commercial PMMA required less time for a complete dissolution, in contrast to the residual PMMA that needs more dissolution time and was not considered complete. Regarding the europium complex incorporated in the polymer, there was a significant improvement in intensity when the polymer used was the residual PMMA. Finally, the theoretical calculations performed demonstrated that there is no replacement of the Phen-CN group by the polymeric PMMA chair. It has also been reported that a HOMO orbital is associated with the DBM ligand while a LUMO orbital relates to the Phen-CN ligand. Thus, there is the transfer of an electron from the DBM to the Phen-CN ligand.

Mestrado em Engenharia Química

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

PMMA residual, Fluorescência, Geometria, Micro-ondas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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