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handle: 10492/6561
Estonian agriculture has recently been able to experiment with various exotic new cultures, which were not even dreamed of a decade ago. There were times when corn was unknown to Estonians, but now it is very well known as a feed grain. As a fodder crop, Estonian farmers have become interested in sorghum, called Africian grass, recent years, the cultivation of which is still in experimental fields. Sorghum (sorghum) is an annual protein-rich grass with very good drought tolerance, high yields and fast growing time (about 90 days). In addition, thanks to the hybrid variety (sorghum-sudangrass), it is possible to grow sorghum in several shoots and get a good harvest from the field. This work is research on sorghum in general and also experimental, which explains the potential of sorghum in Estonian climatic conditions. As sorghum has previously been tested in Estonia without a fertilization and plant protection plan. This work aimed to analyze the effect of herbicides with different active ingredients on sorghum yield, as well. The experiments were carried out in the summer of 2020 in Pae village, Raplamaa and Neemisküla, Tartumaa. Various fertilizers and herbicides were used. There were four test plots in total, with a total area of 10 hectares. Of the herbicides, Estet 600 EC and MCPA Classic 750 SL were used. The best yield of 25 t / ha came from the Neemisküla field, where cattle manure and herbicide Estet 600 EC was used. The sorghum-oat mixture in one field in Pae Village was the most inefficient, as oat outgrew sorgum completely.. As the result of this work, it was shown that sorghum gives a decent biomass in Estonia and it provides strong candicate as protein feedstock. In addition, sorghum can be harvested twice in the summer and is suitable for feeding. In the future, other varieties should be sown and tested with different fertilizers and plant protection rates.
Eesti põllumajandus on viimasel ajal saanud erinevaid eksootilisi uusi kultuure katsetada, millest poleks kümmekond aastat tagasi jõutud unistadagi. Oli aegu, kui mais oli eestlastele tundmatu, kuid nüüdseks on söödaviljana vägagi tuntud. Just söödakultuurina on Eesti põllumeestele viimastel aastatel huvi pakkuma hakanud Aafrika rohi ehk sorgo, mille kasvatamine on alles katsepõldudel. Sorgo (ingl. k. sorghum) on üheaastane proteiinirikas heintaim, millel on väga hea põuataluvus, kõrge saagikus ning lühike kasvuaeg (u 90 päeva). Lisaks on võimalik tänu hübriidsordile (sorghum-sudangrass) kasvatada sorgot mitmeniitelisena ning saada põllult hea saak. Käesoleva töö eesmärk on anda ülevaade sorgo kasvutehnoloogiast ning analüüsida sorgo potentsiaali Eesti kliimatingimustes kahe katseaasta tulemuste põhjal. Kui varasemalt on katsetatud sorgot Eestis ilma väetus- ja taimekaitseplaanita, siis käesolevas töös uuriti ka erinevate toimeainetega herbitsiidide mõju sorgo saagile, kasvule ning umbrohtudele. Katsed viidi läbi 2020. aasta suvel Pae külas, Raplamaal ja Neemiskülas, Tartumaal. Kasutati erinevaid väetiseid ning herbitsiide. Kokku oli neli katselappi, kogupindalaga 10 hektarit. Herbitsiididest kasutati Estet 600 EC ja MCPA Classic 750 SL. Kõige kõrgem saak, 25 t/ha, saadi Neemisküla põllult, kus väetati veisesõnnikuga ning kasutati herbitsiidi Estet 600 EC. Kõige ebaefektiivsem oli katsepõld, kus külvati sorgot segus kaeraga ning kaer tõrjus sorgo täielikult välja. Töö tulemusena näidati, et sorgo on sobilik silokultuur Eesti tingimustes. Edaspidi peaks külvama ka teisi sorgo sorte ning katsetama erinevate väetistega ning taimekaitsenormidega.
bakalaureusetööd, sorgo, silo, toiduohutus, haljasmass, mahetoit, proteiin
bakalaureusetööd, sorgo, silo, toiduohutus, haljasmass, mahetoit, proteiin
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