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O lipoenxerto na cirurgia mamária reconstrutiva e estética

Authors: Santos, José Filipe Alves Cardoso dos;

O lipoenxerto na cirurgia mamária reconstrutiva e estética

Abstract

A patologia mamária - e, especificamente, o cancro da mama - é extremamente frequente e, pelo seu potencial destrutivo inerente ou pelo seu efeito na vivência da mama enquanto órgão feminino, condiciona efeitos físicos e psíquicos altamente deletérios. As opções cirúrgicas actuais, apesar de eficazes, são frequentemente extensas e altamente deformantes, condicionando defeitos de contorno secundários. O lipoenxerto consegue dar resposta a vários defeitos de contorno e volume no território mamário, tanto em contexto reconstrutivo como estético, com resultados francamente positivos. Esta técnica está dividida em 3 passos distintos (colheita, processamento e implantação), sendo que existe uma grande oferta de métodos distintos à disposição, com vantagens e desvantagens distintas. Recentemente, a suplementação do lipoenxerto com populações estaminais tem oferecido resultados encorajadores e destaca o papel preponderante da biologia molecular no sucesso da técnica como um todo. Sendo um procedimento eficaz, o lipoenxerto alia esta eficácia a uma alta segurança, tanto do ponto de vista de complicações major como de risco oncológico. A discussão acesa sobre a eficácia e diferentes vantagens - e desvantagens - dos variados métodos de processamento, aliados aos novos horizontes por desbravar da medicina molecular e celular fazem adivinhar um surto de popularidade cada vez maior da técnica nos anos que se avizinham, cimentando o papel do lipoenxerto no arsenal do cirurgião plástico enquanto técnica segura e eficaz.

The pathologies of the breast – specifically, breast cancer – are not only extremely frequent but also carry an inherent destructive and deleterious potential that manifests through extremely adverse physical and mental repercussions. Current surgical options, though effective, are often extensive and highly deformative, generating secondary contour defects. Autologous fat transfer – or lipofilling – can offer an alternative to various contour and volume defects in the breast, both in the reconstructive and aesthetic setting, with highly positive results. This technique is subdivided into three distinct steps (harvesting, processing, grafting), with several viable options for its undertaking, with their distinct advantages and disadvantages. Recently, the supplementation of the fat graft with stem cells (dubbed cell-assisted lipotransfer) has produced encouraging results, underlying the role of molecular biology to the techniques’ success as a whole. As an effective procedure, lipofilling is also extremely safe – both from an oncological standpoint as well as where major complications are concerned. The heated debate over the advantages – and disadvantages – of different processing methods, coupled with the new horizons to unfurl regarding molecular and cellular medicine predict an ever-growing surge of popularity in the years to come, cementing lipofilling as a safe and effective weapon in the plastic surgeons’ arsenal.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2019

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Lipoenxerto, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas, Processamento, Mama, Adipose derived stem cells, Procedimentos cirúrgicos reconstrutivos, Reconstrução

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Cancer Research