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UTL Repository
Doctoral thesis . 2015
Data sources: UTL Repository
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Ciência-UCP
Doctoral thesis . 2015
Data sources: Ciência-UCP
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The role of Mob proteins in protozoan cell cycle regulation.

Authors: Tavares, Alexandra Jorge;

The role of Mob proteins in protozoan cell cycle regulation.

Abstract

RESUMO - O papel das proteínas Mob1 na regulação da divisão celular em protozoários - A divisão celular e o controlo da proliferação são aspectos fundamentais em biologia celular com implicações no desenvolvimento embrionário e na manutenção da homeostasia nos organismos. A proteína Mob1 é uma componente de duas vias de sinalização celular, a Mitotic Exit Network e a via de sinalização Hippo, cascatas de fosforilação essenciais para a correcta transição entre a metáfase a e a anáfase e para o balanço entre a proliferação/morte celular. Neste trabalho, utilizámos dois protozoários modelo para investigar a função da proteína Mob1, a mais ancestral das proteínas nas vias de sinalização referidas. No ciliado Tetrahymena thermophila, demonstrámos que a proteína Mob1 apresenta uma localização polarizada, estando principalmente concentrada nos corpos basais do polo posterior das células. Aquando da divisão celular, a Mob1 também é observada na região da célula onde se forma o eixo de divisão. Esta localização é essencial visto a ausência de Mob1 no local conduzir ao deslocamento do eixo e impedir a citocinese. O nosso estudo no parasita apicomplexa Toxoplasma gondii, um organismo também permanentemente polarizado, contribuiu para compreender melhor, o possível mecanismo de regulação da proliferação dos parasitas dentro da célula hospedeira, um aspecto essencial no desenvolvimento da infecção. Em T. gondii, a proteína Mob1 também se concentra no polo posterior da célula onde se localiza o complexo basal, uma estrutura envolvida na citocinese. Claramente suportando a nossa hipótese que a Mob1 desempenha um papel no controlo da proliferação, observámos que os níveis de RNA mensageiro do gene mob1 são drasticamente diminuídos quando os parasitas estão no período de replicação activa dentro das células hospedeiras. Adicionalmente, a acumulação da proteína no citoplasma dos parasitas provoca um atraso significativo na sua taxa de replicação. Em conjunto, o trabalho apresentado posiciona a proteína Mob1 como uma molécula ancestral envolvida na conexão entre o estabelecimento da polaridade, a correcta divisão e o controlo da proliferação celular.

ABSTRACT- Proper cell division and control of cell proliferation are critical aspects in cell biology, with implications during embryonic development and in the maintenance of organisms’ homeostasis. Mob1 is a core protein of the Mitotic Exit Network and of the Hippo pathway, fundamental signaling cascades for the correct metaphase to anaphase transition and for the proper balance between cell proliferation and death. In this work we took advantage of two protozoan organisms to investigate the role of Mob1, the most ancient protein of the Hippo pathway. In the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila we demonstrated that Mob1 has a polarized subcellular distribution, concentrating in the basal bodies of the cell posterior pole. During cell division, the protein also localizes in the region where the division plane is formed and its absence in this specific place leads to the mispositioning of division axis and cytokinesis impairment. These results revealed that Mob1 directly links proper cell polarity to correct cell division. Our studies of Mob1 in the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, also a permanent polarized unicellular organism, contributed to a better understanding of how parasites may regulate cell proliferation inside the host cell, a critical aspect for the course of infection. In T. gondii, Mob1 also localizes preferentially in the posterior pole of the cell, where the basal complex, which is essential for cytokinesis, is localized. Interestingly, in agreement with a role for Mob1 in proliferation control in T. gondii, we observed that mob1 mRNA levels are dramatically diminished when parasites are actively replicating inside the cell and that Mob1 overexpression leads to a delay in the parasite replication rate. Altogether, the work presented clearly positions Mob1 as an ancestral molecule playing a critical role in the cross-road of cell polarity establishment, correct cell division and proliferation control.

Tese de doutoramento em Ciências Veterinárias. Especialidade de Ciências Biológicas e Biomédicas

Instituto de Emprego e Formação Profissional - IEFP

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Polaridade celular, Proteínas Mob1, T. gondii, Cell polarity, T. thermophila, Toxoplasma gondii, Controlo da divisão/proliferação, Cell division,proliferation, Mob1 proteins, Tetrahymena thermophila

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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